Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are two of the most common neurodegenerative disorders known to man.

Their prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate and, coupled with the fact that they are both currently incurable, highlights the need to investigate alternative preventative measures. Krill oil, extracted from tiny crustaceans known as krill, has shown promise as a potential natural neuroprotectant against these diseases.

In this article, we delve into what krill oil is and how it can protect against Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

What is Krill Oil?

Krill oil is an oil extracted from krill, tiny shrimp-like crustaceans found in the oceans.

These shrimp-like creatures are found in nutrient-dense areas of the ocean worldwide and serve as a primary food source for many fish species, whales, and other marine animals. The oil extracted from krill contains essential omega-3 fatty acids, primarily in the form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and phospholipids.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids, meaning that they are not synthesized by the human body and must be obtained from the diet.

These fatty acids are essential for various biological functions, including brain function, eye health, and cardiovascular health. EPA and DHA, the two most abundant omega-3 fatty acids in krill oil, are known to be particularly beneficial in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

EPA and DHA also possess potent anti-inflammatory properties, which have been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating various inflammatory conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases.

Phospholipids

Krill oil also contains a unique blend of phospholipids, which function as building blocks for cell membranes in the body. These phospholipids are essential for cell membrane integrity and are particularly beneficial in brain health.

They are better absorbed by the body compared to the triglyceride form of omega-3 found in fish oil. Studies have also shown that the combination of omega-3 fatty acids and phospholipids found in krill oil results in better cognitive improvements compared to omega-3 supplements from fish oil.

How does Krill Oil Protect Against Alzheimer’s Disease?

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and personality changes.

It is associated with the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein in the brain, oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired glucose metabolism. Several studies have investigated the neuroprotective effects of krill oil on Alzheimer’s disease.

Reduces Accumulation of Amyloid-Beta Protein

Animal studies have shown that krill oil supplementation significantly reduces the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein in the brain, the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.

In one study, rats given krill oil supplements showed a significant reduction in the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein and improved memory compared to control groups.

Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Krill oil possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties, which have been demonstrated to reduce the impact of inflammation on the brain.

Inflammation is a characteristic feature of Alzheimer’s disease that exacerbates the neurodegenerative process. By reducing inflammation in the brain, krill oil may be able to slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and reduce the severity of its symptoms.

Improves Glucose Metabolism

Research has demonstrated that krill oil supplementation can improve glucose metabolism in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease.

Impaired glucose metabolism is a common feature of Alzheimer’s disease and has been linked to the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein. By improving glucose metabolism, krill oil may help mitigate the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

How Does Krill Oil Protect Against Parkinson’s Disease?

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement).

It is associated with the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired energy metabolism. Several studies have investigated the neuroprotective effects of krill oil on Parkinson’s disease.

Protects Dopaminergic Neurons

Krill oil supplementation has been shown to protect dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.

Dopaminergic neurons are responsible for the production of dopamine, an important neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of movement and mood. By protecting these neurons, krill oil may help mitigate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

Reduces Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defenses, is a characteristic feature of Parkinson’s disease.

Krill oil possesses potent antioxidant properties, which have been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. This antioxidant effect may be responsible for krill oil’s protective effects against Parkinson’s disease.

Improves Energy Metabolism

Research has shown that krill oil supplementation can improve energy metabolism in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.

Impaired energy metabolism is a common feature of Parkinson’s disease and can lead to a decrease in the production of ATP, the main source of energy in the body. By improving energy metabolism, krill oil may be able to mitigate the progression of Parkinson’s disease.

Conclusion

Krill oil is a unique natural supplement that contains potent neuroprotective properties. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, and phospholipids, which are essential for cell membrane integrity.

Krill oil has been shown to protect against Alzheimer’s disease by reducing the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein, reducing inflammation, and improving glucose metabolism. It also protects against Parkinson’s disease by protecting dopaminergic neurons, reducing oxidative stress, and improving energy metabolism.

These findings suggest that krill oil may have a significant role to play in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative disorders.