Dandruff is a common scalp condition that affects almost half of the global population. The white flakes on a black shirt can be quite embarrassing and uncomfortable, especially when they are present in a public place.

It is not a serious medical condition, but it does interfere with the quality of life of the affected person. This article will discuss the origins of dandruff, why it happens, and how it can be treated.

What is Dandruff?

Dandruff is a condition of the scalp that causes the dead skin cells to shed in large flakes. It is a natural process that occurs on everyone’s scalp, but in the case of dandruff, it occurs at an accelerated rate.

The scalp turns greasy and itchy, and the flakes of skin fall on the shoulders, eyebrows, and clothes. It is not contagious, but it can be quite irritating and embarrassing in social situations.

What Causes Dandruff?

The exact cause of dandruff is still unknown, but it is believed to be caused by several factors. Some factors include:.

1. Fungal Infections

Fungal infections of the scalp can cause dandruff. These fungi feed on the natural oils produced by the scalp and cause irritation and flaking. Malassezia is the most common type of fungus associated with dandruff.

2. Oily Skin

Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition that causes scaly patches and redness on the scalp, face, and other body parts. The overproduction of oil on the scalp can make the skin greasy and promote the growth of yeast that can cause dandruff.

3. Dry Skin

Excessive dryness of the scalp can cause flakes of dead skin to shed off. This is due to the inadequate production of natural oils that moisturize the scalp and skin.

4. Sensitivity to Hair Products

People with sensitive skin can develop dandruff if they use hair care products that contain harsh chemicals. Shampoos, conditioners, gels, and hairsprays may have ingredients that can irritate the scalp and cause dandruff.

Symptoms of Dandruff

The symptoms of dandruff range from mild to severe. The most common symptoms include:.

1. Flaking of Skin

The white or yellow flakes of dead skin cells on the scalp, hair, and clothing are the most visible symptom of dandruff. They may be mild or severe and increase in number during winter or dry weather.

2. Itching

A dry and itchy scalp can be very uncomfortable, and in severe cases, may cause redness and irritation.

3. Redness and Inflammation

In some cases, dandruff can cause inflammation and redness on the scalp. This may be accompanied by a stinging sensation and tender spots on the affected areas.

Treating Dandruff

There are several ways to treat dandruff, depending on the severity of the condition. Here are some common treatments:.

1. Use Dandruff Shampoo

The most common treatment for dandruff is using a medicated shampoo that contains active ingredients that target the cause of dandruff. These ingredients include salicylic acid, coal tar, selenium sulfide, and ketoconazole.

2. Coconut Oil

Coconut oil has natural anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties that can help reduce dandruff. Simply apply coconut oil to the scalp and massage gently, then leave it on overnight and wash it off in the morning.

3. Tea Tree Oil

Tea tree oil is another natural remedy that has anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties. Mix a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil like coconut or olive oil and apply it to the scalp. Leave it on for half an hour then wash it off.

4. Aloe Vera

Aloe Vera has anti-inflammatory properties that can help relieve the itching and redness associated with dandruff. Apply aloe vera juice or gel to the scalp and leave it on for 30 minutes before washing it off.