Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases that affect millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. This has led to the rise of several preventive measures aimed at controlling its onset and progression.

One such method is colonoscopy, a diagnostic and preventive tool capable of detecting the early signs of colon cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, colonoscopy is the best test for the early detection of colorectal cancer, and it should be done every ten years for people aged 50 and above.

What is Colonoscopy?

Colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube with a camera and a light source, known as a colonoscope, to examine the lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum.

The procedure is essential in detecting abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, or any other signs of colon cancer. It is also used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diverticular disease, and other conditions that affect the colon.

How is Colonoscopy Performed?

Before the procedure, the patient should inform the doctor of any medical conditions, medications, and allergies. The process begins with a bowel preparation that involves fasting for several hours and a bowel cleansing to empty the colon.

A sedative may also be administered to help the patient relax and minimize any discomfort during the procedure.

The colonoscope is then inserted through the anus and gradually advanced through the colon while images are transmitted to a monitor for visualization. The doctor can remove any polyps found during the procedure for further examination.

The process usually takes between 30 minutes and an hour to complete.

Benefits of Colonoscopy in Cancer Control

Colonoscopy is a crucial tool in the prevention and control of colon cancer. It offers several benefits, including:.

Early Detection of Cancer

Colonoscopy is the most effective test for detecting colon cancer at an early stage when it is curable.

According to the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, colonoscopy can identify precancerous polyps and remove them before they become cancerous. The removal of polyps during colonoscopy has been shown to reduce the incidence of colon cancer up to 90 percent.

Effective Screening Tool

Colonoscopy is an effective screening tool for colon cancer and other colon diseases. The accuracy of colonoscopy in detecting colon cancer and pre-cancerous lesions is estimated to be between 85-95 percent.

It is also more effective than other tests such as fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) and sigmoidoscopy.

Cost-Effective

Colonoscopy is a cost-effective method of colon cancer screening in the long run.

Early detection and removal of precancerous polyps can save a lot of money for patients who may need much more costly treatments if the disease progresses to advanced stages. The cost of colonoscopy varies from one healthcare facility to another, but, in general, it is a reasonably priced diagnostic tool.

High Patient Satisfaction

Colonoscopy is a non-invasive, outpatient procedure that is associated with high patient satisfaction. The procedure is safe and relatively painless when performed by a skilled physician, and many patients report feeling little or no discomfort at all.

The sedatives used during the procedure also contribute to high patient satisfaction.

Who Should Have Colonoscopy?

Colonoscopy is recommended for individuals who have a high risk of developing colon cancer or those who have symptoms such as bloody stool, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss.

The American Cancer Society recommends that people who are at average risk of colon cancer should start getting screened at age 45. If the results are normal, the test should then be repeated every ten years.

Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, personal history of colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or genetic disorders linked to colon cancer should begin screening at an earlier age and may need to be screened more often.

Conclusion

Colonoscopy is an essential diagnostic and preventative tool that plays a vital role in the control of colon cancer.

It is the best test for the early detection of colon cancer, and it has several benefits, including the early detection of cancer, effective screening, cost-effectiveness, and high patient satisfaction. If you are at risk of colon cancer, or you are experiencing any symptoms of colon disease, it is recommended that you consult with a gastroenterologist to determine the most appropriate screening schedule and colonoscopy procedure.