Health Science

Colon cancer: a silent killer

Learn about colon cancer, its risk factors, symptoms, screening methods, treatment, and prevention. Regular screenings and early detection can help prevent this silent killer by Cassandra Andrus
Estimated reading time: 3 min 3 sec
Colon cancer: a silent killer Photo by Michelle Leman on Pexels

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that affects the large intestine or rectum. It is a silent killer because symptoms often do not appear until it has reached an advanced stage.

This is why regular screenings and early detection are important in preventing and treating colon cancer.

Risk Factors for Colon Cancer

Various factors can increase the risk of developing colon cancer, including:.

  • Age – The risk of colon cancer increases as you get older, particularly after age 50.
  • Familial history – People with a family history of colon cancer, especially in a first-degree relative, have an increased risk of developing the disease.
  • Personal history – Individuals who have had colon cancer or polyps are at an increased risk of developing colon cancer in the future.
  • Genetics – Certain genetic mutations, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), increase the risk of developing colon cancer.
  • Lifestyle factors – Poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption all increase the risk of colon cancer.

Symptoms of Colon Cancer

As mentioned earlier, symptoms of colon cancer do not typically appear until it has reached an advanced stage. The symptoms of colon cancer may include:.

  • Blood in the stool
  • Abdominal pain or discomfort
  • Changes in bowel movements, such as diarrhea or constipation
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to speak to your doctor and get screened for colon cancer.

Screening for Colon Cancer

Screening is important in detecting and preventing colon cancer. There are several screening tests available:.

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  • Colonoscopy – This is the most common screening test for colon cancer. It involves a flexible tube with a camera that is inserted into the colon to look for any abnormalities.
  • Virtual colonoscopy – Also known as a CT colonography, this test uses X-rays and computer technology to create images of the colon.
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy – This test is similar to a colonoscopy, but only examines the lower part of the colon.
  • Stool tests – These include fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) and fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), which look for blood in the stool.

Your doctor can recommend a screening test based on your risk factors and age.

Treatment for Colon Cancer

Colon cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The type of treatment depends on the stage and location of the cancer.

Surgery is typically the first line of treatment, with the goal of removing the cancerous tumor and surrounding tissue. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be used before or after surgery to help shrink the tumor or kill any remaining cancer cells.

Preventing Colon Cancer

While there is no sure way to prevent colon cancer, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:.

  • Get screened regularly – Screening is important in detecting and preventing colon cancer.
  • Eat a healthy diet – A diet high in fiber and low in red meat and processed foods may help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
  • Exercise regularly – Physical activity can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
  • Maintain a healthy weight – Being overweight or obese increases the risk of colon cancer.
  • Avoid smoking and heavy alcohol consumption – These lifestyle factors increase the risk of colon cancer.

Conclusion

Colon cancer is a silent killer that often does not present symptoms until it has reached an advanced stage. Regular screenings and early detection are crucial in preventing and treating colon cancer.

Speak to your doctor about your risk factors and recommended screening tests. Taking steps to maintain a healthy lifestyle can also help reduce your risk of colon cancer.

Disclaimer: This article serves as general information and should not be considered medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance. Individual circumstances may vary.

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