Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that starts in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and can affect both men and women.

Detecting colon cancer early is crucial for successful treatment and better outcomes. In this article, we will discuss some of the early signs and symptoms of colon cancer that you should be aware of.

Understanding Colon Cancer

The colon and rectum are part of the digestive system responsible for eliminating waste from the body. When cells in the colon or rectum grow abnormally and start dividing uncontrollably, they form a mass or tumor.

This tumor can be cancerous (malignant) and if left untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body.

Colon cancer often begins as small, benign clumps of cells called polyps. These polyps can develop into cancer over time.

Regular screening tests and early detection can help identify these polyps before they become cancerous, making it easier to treat and prevent the spread of the disease.

Early Signs and Symptoms

Colon cancer may not always cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. However, being aware of common signs and symptoms can help in timely diagnosis and treatment.

It is important to note that these symptoms can be caused by various conditions other than colon cancer, but if you experience any of these signs persistently, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.

1. Persistent Change in Bowel Habits

If you notice a persistent change in your bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation that lasts for more than a few days, it may be an early sign of colon cancer.

Pay attention to any unexplained changes in the frequency, consistency, or size of your stool, as these can indicate an underlying issue.

2. Blood in Stool or Rectal Bleeding

Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding is a common symptom of colon cancer. This may appear as bright red blood on the toilet paper, in the toilet bowl, or mixed in with the stool.

However, not all cases of rectal bleeding are due to colon cancer, as other conditions like hemorrhoids can also cause similar symptoms. An evaluation is necessary to determine the cause.

3. Abdominal Pain and Cramping

Unexplained abdominal pain, cramping, or discomfort that persists for an extended period can be a sign of colon cancer. This pain may vary in severity and may be accompanied by bloating or a feeling of fullness.

If you experience persistent abdominal discomfort, it is advisable to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis.

4. Weakness and Fatigue

Colon cancer can cause unexplained weakness and fatigue. This is often due to the abnormal metabolism of cancer cells, which can lead to a lack of essential nutrients reaching the body’s tissues.

If you feel excessively tired and weak, despite adequate rest and sleep, it is important to consider getting evaluated to identify the underlying cause.

5. Unexplained Weight Loss

Colon cancer can lead to unintentional weight loss, especially if there are significant changes in your appetite or digestion.

Losing weight without any effort or changes in diet and physical activity could be a potential sign of an underlying health condition, including colon cancer. Consulting a healthcare professional can help determine the cause of such weight loss.

6. Anemia and Iron Deficiency

Chronic bleeding from colon cancer can result in anemia and iron deficiency. Anemia occurs when there is a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a lower amount of hemoglobin in the blood, leading to fatigue, weakness, and pale skin.

If you experience these symptoms, it is crucial to get a blood test done to check for anemia and determine the cause.

7. Changes in Stool Consistency

If you notice a persistent change in the consistency of your stool, such as narrow or thin stools, it may indicate an obstruction in the colon due to a tumor.

These changes occur because the tumor narrows the space inside the colon, leading to the alteration in stool shape. Keep track of any noticeable changes in your stool and discuss them with your healthcare provider.

8. Nausea and Vomiting

Colon cancer can cause nausea, vomiting, and a general feeling of sickness. This can be due to partial obstruction of the colon caused by a tumor.

If you experience frequent episodes of nausea and vomiting without any identifiable cause, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

9. Unexplained Inflammation

If you notice persistent inflammation, pain, or tenderness in the abdomen, it may indicate colon cancer. Inflammation occurs when the body’s immune response is triggered, often as a result of an underlying condition.

If the cause of inflammation cannot be identified or does not resolve with usual treatment, further investigation is necessary to rule out colon cancer.

10. Changes in Bowel Movement Sensation

Colon cancer can cause a feeling of incomplete bowel movements, even after having a bowel movement. This sensation occurs due to the obstructive effect of the tumor in the colon, which prevents proper emptying of the bowels.

If you frequently experience this sensation, it is advisable to discuss it with your healthcare provider.

Conclusion

Early detection of colon cancer is crucial for initiating timely treatment and improving outcomes.

Familiarizing yourself with the early signs and symptoms of colon cancer can help you identify potential warning signs and seek medical attention promptly. Remember that these symptoms can be caused by conditions other than colon cancer, but it is vital to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate management.