Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, starts in the lining of the stomach and can grow into the muscle layers. It is one of the most common cancers worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death globally.

The symptoms of stomach cancer can be subtle and vague, making it difficult to detect at an early stage. This highlights the importance of having an effective strategy to stop stomach cancer progression.

Diagnosis and Staging

Early detection of stomach cancer is crucial for effective treatment and a good prognosis. The diagnosis of stomach cancer involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests like CT scan or MRI, and a biopsy of the stomach lining.

Stomach cancer staging is determined based on the size and location of the tumor, the extent of lymph node involvement, and whether cancer has spread to distant organs.

Surgical Resection

The main treatment for stomach cancer is surgical resection, where the tumor and a portion of the surrounding healthy tissue are removed. The extent of the surgery depends on the stage and location of the cancer.

In early-stage stomach cancer, endoscopic resection may be performed, where a small amount of tissue is removed through an endoscope. In advanced stages, a partial or total gastrectomy may be required.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is often given before or after surgery to shrink the tumor and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs that kill cancer cells or prevent them from dividing. The drugs are given orally or intravenously.

Chemotherapy can have side effects like nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and anemia.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It may be used in combination with chemotherapy or surgery. Radiation therapy can have side effects like fatigue, skin irritation, and digestive problems.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses the body’s immune system to fight cancer. Immunotherapy drugs can boost the immune system’s ability to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Immunotherapy may be used as a second line of treatment when other treatments have failed.

Diet and Lifestyle Changes

Diet and lifestyle changes can play a role in stopping stomach cancer progression. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can help reduce the risk of cancer.

On the other hand, a diet high in processed foods, red meat, and saturated fat can increase the risk of cancer. It is also important to maintain a healthy weight, exercise regularly, quit smoking, and limit alcohol consumption to reduce the risk of stomach cancer.

Regular Follow-up and Monitoring

Regular follow-up and monitoring after treatment is essential for detecting cancer recurrence and managing any side effects of treatment.

The frequency and duration of follow-up appointments depend on the stage and type of cancer and the type of treatment received. Patients who have undergone surgery may need regular imaging tests like CT scan or MRI to monitor for any recurrence.

Conclusion

Stopping stomach cancer progression requires a multi-faceted approach, including early detection, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, diet and lifestyle changes, and regular monitoring.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for the best treatment options and to follow a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of cancer.