Fish is considered to be a healthy protein source, and consuming fish regularly is often recommended as part of a healthy diet.

However, recent research has found a concerning link between high fish consumption and prostate cancer, raising questions about the potential risks of consuming too much fish.

The Link Between High Fish Consumption and Prostate Cancer

A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute in 2012 found that men who ate high amounts of fatty fish, such as salmon and tuna, had a 43% increased risk of developing prostate cancer compared to men who ate less of these types of fish. The study also found that men who took fish oil supplements had a 71% increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer, which is more aggressive and has a worse prognosis than low-grade prostate cancer.

The Role of Environmental Toxins

One theory for why high fish consumption may be linked to prostate cancer is due to the presence of environmental toxins in fish.

Many fish, especially large predatory fish like tuna, swordfish, and shark, contain high levels of mercury and other toxins like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins. These toxins can accumulate in the body over time and may increase the risk of cancer and other health problems.

The Importance of Choosing the Right Type of Fish

While fish can be a healthy protein source, it is important to choose the right types of fish to minimize the risk of toxins.

The Environmental Working Group recommends choosing low-mercury fish such as salmon, sardines, and trout, and avoiding high-mercury fish like shark, swordfish, and king mackerel.

Limiting Fish Consumption

While it is still unclear what amount of fish consumption may increase the risk of prostate cancer, it may be wise to limit fish intake, particularly for those with a family history of prostate cancer or who are at increased risk for the disease due to age or other factors. The American Cancer Society recommends limiting fish consumption to no more than two servings per week.

Other Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Prostate Cancer

In addition to limiting fish consumption, there are other strategies that may help reduce the risk of prostate cancer. These include:.

Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Engaging in regular exercise
Maintaining a healthy weight
Avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption
Getting regular prostate exams and screenings

The Bottom Line

While fish can be a healthy protein source, the link between high fish consumption and prostate cancer is concerning.

By choosing low-mercury fish and limiting fish intake, while also incorporating other healthy lifestyle habits, individuals may be able to reduce their risk of prostate cancer and other health problems.