Infectious diseases have been a major concern for humans since time immemorial. With the advent of scientific breakthroughs, we have been able to provide vaccinations that can protect us against some of the most deadly diseases.

Unfortunately, the 2017-2018 seasons were hit hard by a number of infectious diseases that caused significant devastation for many people. This article pays tribute to these diseases and the impact they had on our lives.

Influenza

Influenza was one of the most common and dangerous infectious diseases that spread across the globe during the 2017-2018 seasons. The virus was highly contagious, and it resulted in acute respiratory infections in many people.

The flu spreads through airborne respiratory droplets expelled when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The symptoms of influenza include a fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, and a runny or stuffy nose.

Measles

Measles was another disease that hit hard during the 2017-2018 seasons. It is a highly infectious viral disease that is spread through contact with an infected person’s respiratory secretions.

The disease causes high fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, and finally, a rash. The symptoms usually appear about ten days after exposure, and the disease can last for up to two weeks. Measles can lead to severe complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and death.

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. The virus is usually spread through contact with fecal matter from an infected person.

People who have traveled to countries where they may have been exposed to contaminated water or food are at higher risk of contracting the disease. Symptoms of hepatitis A include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, and jaundice. Most people recover fully, but in some cases, the disease can lead to liver failure and death.

Salmonella

Salmonella is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the intestinal tract. The bacteria are usually found in contaminated food and water and are spread when a person ingests the fecal matter of an infected person or animal.

Symptoms of salmonella include fever, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea. The illness typically lasts for about a week and generally resolves without treatment. In severe cases, the infection can spread to other parts of the body, leading to more serious complications.

Malaria

Malaria is a potentially life-threatening parasitic infection that is spread by the Anopheles mosquito. The disease is most prevalent in tropical regions, where mosquitoes are more common.

Malaria causes flu-like symptoms, which can include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. In severe cases, the disease can lead to organ failure and death. Malaria can be prevented by taking antimalarial medication before traveling to an area where the disease is common.

Cholera

Cholera is a bacterial infection that affects the intestines. The bacteria are usually found in contaminated water or food. When ingested, the bacteria produce a toxin that causes severe diarrhea and dehydration.

Symptoms of cholera include severe diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and muscle cramps. The disease can lead to death in severe cases, especially in children and older adults.

West Nile Virus

West Nile virus is a viral infection that is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. The virus is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Africa and the Middle East.

Symptoms of West Nile virus include fever, headache, body aches, joint pain, vomiting, diarrhea, or rash. In severe cases, the disease can cause encephalitis, meningitis, or death.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. The bacteria spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The disease is most prevalent in developing countries where access to healthcare is limited.

Symptoms of tuberculosis include a persistent cough, fatigue, fever, chills, and weight loss. In more severe cases, the infection can spread to other parts of the body, leading to further complications such as meningitis or renal failure.

Lyme Disease

Lyme disease is a bacterial infection that is spread by ticks. The disease is most prevalent in the northeastern and upper Midwest regions of the United States.

Symptoms of Lyme disease include fatigue, fever, headache, muscle aches, and a characteristic “bull’s-eye” rash. The disease can lead to further complications, including joint pain, neurological problems, and heart problems.

Zika Virus

Zika virus is a viral infection that is primarily spread through mosquito bites. The virus is found in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in parts of Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands.

Symptoms of Zika virus include fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis. In pregnant women, the virus can cause microcephaly, a condition in which the baby’s head is smaller than expected.

Conclusion

The 2017-2018 seasons were marked by a significant outbreak of infectious diseases. These diseases, ranging from influenza to zika virus, caused significant problems for many people around the world.

It is important that we take steps to prevent the spread of these diseases, including regular hand washing, vaccination, and avoiding areas where they are prevalent. By working together, we can help to reduce the impact of infectious diseases and ensure that we are prepared for future outbreaks.