Pulmonary hypertension is a life-threatening condition that affects the blood vessels in the lungs.

It is a type of high blood pressure that occurs when the arteries in the lungs become narrowed or blocked, making it difficult for blood to flow through them. This increased pressure can lead to a number of devastating effects on the body.

1. Fatigue and Shortness of Breath

One of the most common symptoms of pulmonary hypertension is fatigue and shortness of breath.

As the heart struggles to pump blood through narrowed blood vessels in the lungs, the body can become oxygen-deprived, leading to feelings of tiredness and difficulty breathing.

2. Chest Pain

Chest pain is another symptom of pulmonary hypertension. This occurs because the heart is working harder to pump blood through the narrow blood vessels in the lungs.

Over time, this increased workload can cause strain on the heart, leading to chest pain and discomfort.

3. Swollen Legs and Ankles

Pulmonary hypertension can also cause swelling in the legs and ankles. This is known as edema and occurs because the heart is not able to pump blood effectively through the body, causing fluid to build up in the tissues.

Edema can be uncomfortable and make it difficult to walk or move around normally.

4. Fainting Spells

In severe cases of pulmonary hypertension, fainting spells can occur. This is because the heart is not pumping enough blood to the brain, leading to a lack of oxygen and fainting. Fainting spells can be dangerous and require immediate medical attention.

5. Increased Risk of Blood Clots

Pulmonary hypertension can also increase the risk of blood clots. This occurs because the narrowed blood vessels in the lungs can cause blood to pool and stagnate, leading to the formation of clots.

Blood clots can be life-threatening if they break loose and travel to the lungs or other parts of the body.

6. Right-Sided Heart Failure

Over time, the strain on the heart caused by pulmonary hypertension can lead to right-sided heart failure.

This occurs when the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, leading to a number of symptoms including fatigue, shortness of breath, and edema.

7. Reduced Quality of Life

Pulmonary hypertension can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life. The symptoms, such as fatigue and shortness of breath, can make it difficult to carry out daily activities or engage in hobbies and interests.

In addition, treatment for pulmonary hypertension can be expensive and time-consuming, leading to further stress and frustration for patients.

8. Emotional Distress

Living with pulmonary hypertension can be emotionally distressing. The fear of sudden complications or the need for a lung transplant can lead to anxiety and depression.

It is important for patients with pulmonary hypertension to seek emotional support from friends, family, or a mental health professional.

9. Decreased Life Expectancy

Untreated pulmonary hypertension can be life-threatening. If left untreated, the condition can cause serious complications, such as heart failure or blood clots, which can be fatal.

With early diagnosis and treatment, however, many people with pulmonary hypertension are able to lead full and active lives.

10. Higher Risk during Pregnancy

Women with pulmonary hypertension have a higher risk of complications during pregnancy. The increased strain on the heart during pregnancy can make the condition worse, putting both the mother and baby at risk.

It is important for women with pulmonary hypertension to talk to their doctors before considering pregnancy.