Diabetes affects more than 29 million Americans, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This disease occurs when the body doesn’t produce or use insulin properly, leading to high blood sugar levels.

While many people know that diabetes can cause kidney failure, nerve damage, and blindness, fewer are aware of its connection to cardiovascular health.

What Is Cardiovascular Disease?

Cardiovascular disease encompasses conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), heart disease is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States.

Some common cardiovascular conditions include:.

Coronary artery disease: A buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart
Myocardial infarction: A heart attack, which occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the heart
Heart failure: The heart’s inability to pump blood efficiently, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body
Stroke: A lack of blood flow to the brain, typically caused by a blood clot or bleeding

While many factors can contribute to cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure and smoking, diabetes is one of the most significant.

The Connection Between Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Research shows that people with diabetes are two to four times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than those without diabetes. In fact, the AHA considers diabetes a major risk factor for heart attacks and strokes.

There are several reasons why diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular disease:.

High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels over time, making them more prone to plaque buildup
Diabetes can cause inflammation, which also contributes to plaque buildup
People with diabetes often have high blood pressure, which raises the risk of heart disease
Diabetes can lead to nerve damage and poor circulation, which increases the risk of peripheral artery disease, a condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries that supply blood to the legs and feet

While these risk factors pose a serious threat, there are steps people with diabetes can take to reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease.

Reducing the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes

Managing diabetes can be challenging, but taking steps to keep blood sugar levels under control is key to reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Some strategies include:.

Eating a healthy diet: Choosing foods that are low in sugar, saturated and trans fats, and salt can help keep blood sugar and blood pressure levels under control. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein is ideal for people with diabetes.
Exercise regularly: Physical activity can help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. The AHA recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. Resistance training can also help build muscle and improve heart health.
Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight can increase the risk of developing diabetes and worsen the condition in people who already have it. Losing weight through a combination of healthy eating and exercise is an effective way to improve blood sugar control and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Take medication as prescribed: For people with type 1 diabetes, insulin is necessary for survival. People with type 2 diabetes may also require medication to keep blood sugar levels under control. Taking medication as directed by a healthcare provider is crucial for managing diabetes and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

It’s also important for people with diabetes to get regular check-ups with a healthcare provider. Regular blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar monitoring can help identify any potential problems early.

Conclusion

Diabetes is a chronic condition that requires lifelong management. Unfortunately, it also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease significantly.

Understanding the connection between diabetes and cardiovascular health is crucial for people with diabetes and their healthcare providers. Fortunately, by following a healthy lifestyle and medical treatment plan, it’s possible to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and enjoy a long, healthy life with diabetes.