Infertility is a serious problem for many couples who dream of starting a family. While there are numerous factors that can cause infertility, one of the most common causes is poor sperm quality.

Men produce millions of sperm each day, but several factors can damage or kill sperm cells, making it difficult for couples to conceive.

1. Smoking

Smoking is one of the worst habits that can damage a man’s fertility. Smoking lowers sperm count, motility, and even causes abnormal sperm shape. Male smokers can be up to 50% more likely to suffer from infertility issues than non-smokers.

In fact, it is estimated that smoking is responsible for between 13 – 17% of male infertility cases.

2. Alcohol Consumption

Drinking too much alcohol can have a severe impact on sperm health. Studies suggest that men who drink excessively are more than twice as likely to have a low sperm count, poor motility, and abnormal sperm forms than non-drinkers.

3. Obesity

Being overweight or obese can also damage sperm quality. Obesity is associated with decreased testosterone levels in men, which ultimately results in poor sperm production and quality.

Men with a BMI greater than 30 are more likely to have a low sperm count and reduced sperm motility.

4. Stress

Stress can take a heavy toll on a man’s physical and emotional health. Chronic stress levels can cause hormonal imbalances, reduce sperm count, and motility.

5. Environmental Toxins

Men who work in manufacturing units, chemical plants, and factories are exposed to various environmental toxins that can kill sperm cells.

Pesticides, heavy metals, and chemicals found in cleaning agents and plastics can all impact sperm health and fertility in men.

6. Heat Exposure

In order for sperm cells to function properly, they need a lower temperature than the rest of the body.

Exposure to high heat in the form of hot tubs, saunas, or tight-fitting clothing can lead to increased temperatures in the testicles, which can harm sperm health.

7. Poor Diet

Nutrition plays a critical role in sperm health. Men who consume diets high in processed and fatty foods are more likely to have poor-quality sperm than those who follow healthy diets rich in whole grains, green vegetables, and fruits.

Lack of vitamins and minerals such as zinc, vitamin C, D, E can also negatively impact sperm quality and production.

8. Prescription Medications

Various medications, including those used to treat acne, high blood pressure, and depression, can impact sperm production and quality. These medicines can cause hormonal imbalances, lower testosterone levels, and damage sperm cells.