Diabetes is a lifelong condition that affects millions of people around the world. It is a chronic illness that causes high blood glucose levels, which can lead to serious health complications over time.

One of the biggest concerns for people with diabetes is the increased risk of hospitalization. In this article, we will explore why under 55s with diabetes are twice as likely to be hospitalized.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic illness that affects the way the body processes glucose, a type of sugar that is the main source of energy for the cells. There are two main types of diabetes:.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels.

People with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to manage their blood glucose levels.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which the body becomes less responsive to insulin or does not make enough insulin to regulate blood glucose levels effectively.

Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity and physical inactivity, and it is usually managed with lifestyle changes, oral medications, or insulin injections.

Why Under 55s with Diabetes are Twice as Likely to be Hospitalized

A recent study published in Diabetologia found that people under the age of 55 with diabetes are twice as likely to be hospitalized than people over 55 with the same condition.

The study, which analyzed data from over 300,000 people with diabetes in the UK, also found that under 55s with diabetes were three times more likely to have complications such as kidney failure, heart attack, or stroke.

Poor Glucose Control

One of the main reasons why under 55s with diabetes are more likely to be hospitalized is poor glucose control.

Younger people with diabetes may find it more challenging to manage their blood glucose levels, particularly if they have a busy lifestyle, are studying or working long hours, or have social and family commitments. Poor glucose control can lead to a wide range of complications, such as hypoglycemia (low blood glucose), hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS).

Irregular Eating Habits

Another reason why under 55s with diabetes are more likely to be hospitalized is irregular eating habits.

Younger people with diabetes may be more likely to skip meals, eat fast food, consume sugary drinks or snacks, or binge eat, which can disrupt their blood glucose levels. Poor eating habits can lead to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, as well as other health problems such as obesity, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol.

Lack of Physical Activity

Physical activity is an important aspect of diabetes self-management, as it can help improve blood glucose control, reduce insulin resistance, lower blood pressure, and enhance cardiovascular health.

However, under 55s with diabetes may be less likely to engage in regular physical activity due to various reasons, such as lack of time, interest, motivation, or access to facilities. Sedentary behavior can increase the risk of complications such as peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, or cardiovascular disease.

Psychological Stress

Psychological stress is a common problem among people with diabetes, particularly younger adults who may face multiple stressors such as work, finances, relationships, or academic exams.

Stress can affect blood glucose levels directly or indirectly, by triggering hormonal changes such as cortisol, adrenaline, or growth hormone, which can lead to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Chronic stress can also increase the risk of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, or burnout.

Poor Adherence to Medications

Adherence to medications is an essential aspect of diabetes management, as it can help prevent or delay complications and improve quality of life.

However, under 55s with diabetes may be less likely to follow their treatment plan due to various reasons, such as forgetfulness, denial, fear of side effects, or lack of support. Poor adherence to medications can lead to uncontrolled blood glucose levels, frequent hospitalizations, and higher healthcare costs.

Insufficient Diabetes Education

Diabetes education is an important tool for self-management, as it can help people with diabetes understand their condition, learn how to monitor and manage their blood glucose levels, recognize the signs and symptoms of complications, and make informed decisions about their health. However, under 55s with diabetes may receive insufficient diabetes education, due to limited access to resources, lack of time, or poor quality of education.

Insufficient diabetes education can lead to misunderstandings, misconceptions, and inadequate self-care practices.

Conclusion

Under 55s with diabetes are twice as likely to be hospitalized than people over 55 with the same condition, mainly due to poor glucose control, irregular eating habits, lack of physical activity, psychological stress, poor adherence to medications, and insufficient diabetes education.

To reduce the risk of hospitalization, it is important for younger people with diabetes to prioritize their self-care, engage in regular physical activity, eat a healthy and balanced diet, manage their stress levels effectively, adhere to their treatment plan, and seek diabetes education and support whenever possible.