Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), also known as acid reflux, is a common digestive disorder that affects millions of people worldwide.

It occurs when the stomach acid or bile flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and discomfort. While medication and lifestyle changes can help manage GERD, avoiding certain foods and drinks can also play a crucial role in reducing symptoms and preventing flare-ups.

In this article, we will discuss ten foods and drinks that should be avoided if you have gastroesophageal reflux.

1. Citrus Fruits

Citrus fruits like oranges, grapefruits, lemons, and limes are highly acidic and can trigger acid reflux symptoms. The high acid content can irritate the lining of the esophagus, leading to heartburn and discomfort.

If you have GERD, it is advisable to limit or avoid citrus fruits in your diet.

2. Tomatoes

Tomatoes and tomato-based products like sauces and ketchup are known to aggravate GERD symptoms.

This is because tomatoes are highly acidic and can cause the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Opting for low-acid alternatives or reducing tomato intake can help manage GERD.

3. Spicy Foods

Spicy foods can be a trigger for GERD symptoms in many individuals. They can irritate the esophagus and worsen heartburn and acid reflux. Common culprits include hot peppers, chili powder, garlic, and onions.

It is best to avoid or minimize the consumption of spicy foods if you have GERD.

4. Carbonated Drinks

Carbonated drinks, such as soda and sparkling water, can contribute to acid reflux by causing bloating and putting pressure on the LES.

The carbonation can also lead to increased belching and the release of excess air, which can further exacerbate symptoms. Opting for non-carbonated beverages like water or herbal tea is a better choice for individuals with GERD.

5. Coffee

Caffeinated beverages like coffee can trigger acid reflux symptoms due to their high acid content and ability to relax the LES. Additionally, coffee is known to stimulate stomach acid production, leading to increased reflux.

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If you cannot give up your daily cup of coffee, consider switching to a less acidic option like cold brew or low-acid coffee.

6. Alcohol

Alcohol is a common trigger for acid reflux symptoms. It can relax the LES and irritate the esophagus, making it easier for stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.

Reducing or eliminating alcohol consumption can significantly improve GERD symptoms and overall digestive health.

7. Fried and Fatty Foods

Fried and fatty foods are not only unhealthy but can also aggravate GERD symptoms. High-fat foods take longer to digest, which can increase stomach acid production and put pressure on the LES. This can result in acid reflux and heartburn.

Opt for low-fat alternatives and healthier cooking methods like baking or grilling.

8. Chocolate

Unfortunately, chocolate lovers with GERD may need to cut back on their favorite treat. Chocolate contains a compound called theobromine, which can relax the LES and contribute to acid reflux symptoms.

Dark chocolate tends to have a higher theobromine content, so individuals with GERD should be cautious when consuming it.

9. Peppermint

While peppermint is often used to soothe digestive issues, it can actually worsen symptoms of GERD. Peppermint can relax the LES and allow stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and discomfort.

Consider using other herbal options like chamomile or ginger to alleviate digestive symptoms instead.

10. High-Fat Dairy Products

Dairy products high in fat, such as full-fat milk, cheese, and cream, can trigger acid reflux symptoms. Fat can slow down the digestion process and increase the production of stomach acid, leading to reflux.

Opt for low-fat or non-dairy alternatives like almond milk and plant-based cheeses.