It’s not uncommon for women to experience breast pain at some point in their lives. Although breast pain is typically associated with breast cancer, there are a variety of other reasons why it may occur.

In this article, we will explore 10 surprising reasons for breast pain and provide illustrations to help you better understand the causes and symptoms.

1. Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes are the most common cause of breast pain in women. Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels, which occur during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause, can cause tenderness, swelling, and discomfort in the breasts.

2. Fibrocystic Breast Changes

Fibrocystic breast changes are common and noncancerous, but can cause breast pain and tenderness. This condition occurs when breast tissue becomes more lumpy and dense, which can lead to discomfort, swelling, and tenderness.

3. Breast Abscess

A breast abscess is a pus-filled lump that forms in the breast. This condition can cause breast pain, redness, swelling, and warmth. Breast abscesses are typically caused by bacterial infections and may require drainage or antibiotics.

4. Costochondritis

Costochondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the breastbone. This condition can cause sharp chest pain that may radiate to the breasts.

While costochondritis typically resolves on its own, it may require pain management medication or physical therapy.

5. Breast Injury

A breast injury, such as a blow or a fall, can cause breast pain, swelling, and bruising. While most breast injuries resolve on their own, severe injuries may require medical attention.

6. Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most serious causes of breast pain and should be taken seriously. While breast pain is not typically a symptom of breast cancer, it can occur in some cases.

Other symptoms of breast cancer include lumps, nipple discharge, and changes in breast size or shape.

7. Medication Side Effects

Some medications, such as hormonal birth control and hormone replacement therapy, can cause breast pain and tenderness as a side effect. If you experience breast pain while taking medication, speak to your doctor about alternative options.

8. Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding can cause breast pain and tenderness, particularly in the early days of nursing. This is due to the hormonal changes and the physical demands of breastfeeding.

Proper breastfeeding techniques and supportive nursing bras can help to reduce discomfort.

9. Mastitis

Mastitis is an infection of the breast tissue that typically affects women who are breastfeeding. This condition can cause breast pain, redness, swelling, and flu-like symptoms. Mastitis is typically treated with antibiotics and rest.

10. Anxiety and Stress

Anxiety and stress can cause a variety of physical symptoms, including breast pain. The stress hormones released during times of anxiety and stress can cause inflammation and muscle tension, which may lead to breast tenderness and discomfort.