Diabetes is a serious condition that can impact various parts of the body, including the mouth. High blood glucose levels in diabetics can cause mouth problems that range from dry mouth to gum disease to infections.

Here, we will discuss eight mouth problems related to diabetes and how to manage them.

1. Dry Mouth

Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, occurs when there is not enough saliva in the mouth. This can cause difficulty in swallowing, talking, tasting, and eating.

High blood glucose levels can cause dry mouth in diabetics, making it important to control blood sugar levels to reduce this symptom.

2. Gum Disease

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, occurs when bacteria in plaque build up on teeth and gums, resulting in inflammation and damage to the gums and bone.

Diabetics are at higher risk for developing gum disease because high glucose levels can lead to infections and bacteria growth in the mouth. Gum disease can result in tooth loss and impact blood glucose control, making it vital that diabetics maintain good oral hygiene to prevent this condition.

3. Slow Healing of Mouth Sores

Diabetics may experience slower healing of mouth sores, such as canker sores or cold sores. This is due to high blood sugar levels that damage blood vessels and impair the immune system.

To aid in the healing of mouth sores, diabetics should keep their blood glucose levels under control, practice good oral hygiene, and avoid irritants.

4. Thrush

Thrush is a fungal infection that occurs in the mouth and throat. Diabetes can increase the risk of developing thrush by allowing fungus to grow due to high glucose levels in the mouth and throat.

Thrush can cause white patches in the mouth, soreness, and difficulty swallowing or tasting foods. Treatment includes antifungal medications and managing blood glucose levels to prevent recurrence.

5. Burning Mouth Syndrome

Burning mouth syndrome is a condition that causes a burning sensation in the mouth, tongue, and lips. It may be related to diabetes due to high glucose levels damaging nerves in the mouth that control taste and sensation.

Treatment includes managing blood glucose levels, taking medications to relieve symptoms, and avoiding irritants such as spicy foods.

6. Tooth Decay

Diabetes can increase the risk of tooth decay by reducing the amount of saliva in the mouth that helps to neutralize acid and wash away bacteria. High glucose levels in the mouth can also lead to the growth of bacteria that cause decay.

Diabetics should maintain good oral hygiene, avoid sugary foods and drinks, and keep their blood glucose levels under control to reduce the risk of tooth decay.

7. Bad Breath

Bad breath, also known as halitosis, can result from dry mouth, gum disease, tooth decay, and other mouth problems related to diabetes.

Diabetics can reduce bad breath by practicing good oral hygiene, drinking plenty of water, chewing sugarless gum or mints, and avoiding smoking and alcohol.

8. Loss of Taste

Diabetics may experience a loss of taste or altered taste perception, which can affect appetite, eating habits, and nutrition. High glucose levels in the blood can damage nerves and taste buds in the mouth, leading to loss of taste.

Diabetics should work with their healthcare provider to manage their blood glucose levels and explore ways to enhance flavor, such as using herbs and spices in cooking.

Conclusion

Diabetes can cause various mouth problems that can impact overall health and quality of life.

Maintaining good oral hygiene, managing blood glucose levels, and seeking prompt treatment for mouth problems can help diabetics reduce their risk of complications and maintain optimal oral health.