A cough is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of conditions. Coughing is the body’s way of trying to clear the airways of mucus, irritants, and other substances.

While allergies and infections are two common causes of a cough, it may be difficult to tell the difference between them. However, understanding the differences between these two conditions can help in determining the appropriate treatment.

Allergies

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a substance that is normally harmless, such as pollen, dust, or pet dander.

An allergy cough is usually dry and persistent, and may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as a runny nose, sneezing, and itchy eyes. Allergy coughs may also be worse at night or in the early morning.

If you suspect that your cough is due to allergies, there are several things you can do to help alleviate your symptoms.

For example, you can try to avoid the allergen that is causing your symptoms, use over-the-counter antihistamines, or use nasal sprays or other medications to help reduce inflammation.

Infections

Infections are another common cause of a cough. These may be caused by viruses or bacteria. Infections can cause a variety of symptoms, including a cough, fever, body aches, and fatigue. In most cases, an infection cough will produce phlegm or mucus.

If you believe that your cough is caused by an infection, it is important to seek medical attention. Depending on the severity of your symptoms, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics or other medications to help clear the infection.

Telling the Difference

Telling the difference between an allergy cough and an infection cough can be challenging, as the two conditions can share many of the same symptoms.

However, there are a few key differences to look for that can help you determine the underlying cause of the cough.

One of the main differences between an allergy cough and an infection cough is the presence of other symptoms.

As mentioned earlier, an allergy cough may be accompanied by sneezing, a runny nose, and itchy eyes, while an infection cough may come with a fever, body aches, and fatigue. Additionally, an infection cough is more likely to produce phlegm or mucus, while an allergy cough is usually dry and persistent.

Another way to tell the difference between an allergy cough and an infection cough is by the duration of the cough.

Allergy coughs tend to last for several weeks or even months, while infection coughs tend to resolve more quickly, usually within one to two weeks.

Treatment Options

Once you have determined the underlying cause of your cough, there are several treatment options available. For an allergy cough, over-the-counter antihistamines, nasal sprays, and other medications can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.

If avoidance of the allergen is not possible, allergy shots may be necessary to help desensitize your immune system.

If you have an infection cough, antibiotics may be necessary to clear the infection. However, it is important to note that not all coughs require antibiotics.

In some cases, cough suppressants or other medications may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and help you feel more comfortable.

Prevention

Preventing a cough can be challenging, but there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing an allergy or infection cough.

For example, you can try to avoid allergens, such as pollen, by staying indoors during peak pollen seasons or using air purifiers. Additionally, practicing good hygiene, such as washing your hands frequently and avoiding close contact with sick individuals, can help reduce your risk of developing an infection cough.

Conclusion

A cough can be a frustrating symptom to deal with, but understanding the underlying cause can help in determining the appropriate treatment. While allergies and infections are two common causes of a cough, they can share many of the same symptoms.

However, looking for key differences, such as the presence of other symptoms and the duration of the cough, can help distinguish between the two conditions. By taking steps to prevent a cough and seeking medical attention when necessary, you can help keep your respiratory system healthy and free of coughs.