Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflamed, scaly patches on the skin. It affects approximately 2-3% of the world’s population and has no definitive cure.

People with psoriasis have to live with the condition for the rest of their lives, and manage it by adopting a range of therapies to alleviate their symptoms.

What Causes Psoriasis?

The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown. However, researchers believe that it may be due to an immune system malfunction, environmental factors, or genetic susceptibility.

The condition occurs when skin cells grow too quickly, which results in the build-up of scaly patches on the skin’s surface.

Common Psoriasis Symptoms

Psoriasis may appear differently in individuals. Some people experience mild symptoms, while others may have severe symptoms that can significantly impact their quality of life. The most common symptoms of psoriasis include:.

Thick, red, or silvery patches of skin on various parts of the body
Itching, burning or stinging sensations on the affected areas
Dry and cracked skin that may bleed or ooze
Joint stiffness or pain

Treatments for Psoriasis

The treatment for psoriasis depends on the severity and type of the condition. There are several therapies available that can help reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life for people with psoriasis. Here are some of the most common treatments:.

1. Topical Medications

Topical medications are creams, lotions, and ointments that are applied directly to the skin. They help to alleviate the symptoms of psoriasis by reducing inflammation and slow down the growth of skin cells. The most common topical medications include:.

Corticosteroids – These are anti-inflammatory medications that help to reduce redness and itching.
Vitamin D analogues – These medications regulate the growth of skin cells, reducing scaling and plaque formation.
Retinoids – Retinoids or vitamin A derivatives help to decrease the production of skin cells.

2. Phototherapy

Phototherapy is a treatment that involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light. This therapy helps to slow down the growth of skin cells and decrease inflammation.

Phototherapy can be done in a dermatologist’s office using special equipment or at home using a special lightbox under the guidance of a doctor.

3. Systemic Medications

Systemic medications are used to treat severe psoriasis. These medications are taken orally or injected into the body. They work by targeting the immune system or specific enzymes to reduce inflammation and slow down the growth of skin cells.

The most commonly used systemic medications include:.

Methotrexate – This medication reduces inflammation and slows cell growth. It is taken orally or by injection and can have side effects.
Cyclosporine – Cyclosporine suppresses the immune system and often used for short-term treatment of severe psoriasis.
Biologics – These medications target specific proteins in the immune system that cause inflammation and skin cell growth. Biologics are taken by injection or infusion and are an effective treatment option for psoriasis.

Lifestyle Changes for Psoriasis

Aside from medical treatments, people with psoriasis can improve their condition by making positive changes in their lifestyle. Here are some tips:.

Manage stress and anxiety levels
Eat a well-balanced diet
Quit smoking
Avoid alcohol consumption
Maintain a healthy weight

Final Thoughts

Though psoriasis is a chronic condition, it can be managed with the different treatment options available, and lifestyle changes. However, it is essential to talk to a doctor about the treatment option that is right for you.