Heavy periods, also known as menorrhagia, is a common issue that affects many women.

It is defined as bleeding that lasts longer than seven days, bleeding that soaks through one or more sanitary pads or tampons every hour for several hours in a row, and the need to use double sanitary protection to prevent leaks.

What Causes Heavy Periods?

Several factors can cause heavy periods. These include:.

Fibroids

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause heavy bleeding and cramping. They can range in size from small, pea-sized growths to large, grapefruit-sized ones.

Hormonal Imbalance

The hormones estrogen and progesterone play a vital role in regulating menstruation. Any imbalance in these hormones can lead to heavy bleeding.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of it, causing inflammation and pain. It can also cause heavy periods.

Polyps

Polyps are non-cancerous growths in the lining of the uterus that can cause heavy bleeding.

Pregnancy Complications

Complications during pregnancy, such as ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage, can cause heavy bleeding.

What Are the Symptoms?

The symptoms of heavy periods include:.

Bleeding that lasts longer than seven days
Bleeding that soaks through one or more sanitary pads or tampons every hour for several hours in a row
The need to use double sanitary protection to prevent leaks
Passing blood clots, which can be as big as a quarter or even larger
Feeling weak or dizzy
Shortness of breath
Headache
Feeling tired or fatigued

How Is It Diagnosed?

If you are experiencing heavy periods, you should see your gynecologist. They will ask you about your medical history, symptoms, and perform a physical exam. They may also order some tests, including:.

Blood tests to check your hormone levels and rule out any underlying medical conditions
An ultrasound to check for any abnormalities in your uterus or ovaries
An endometrial biopsy to check for any abnormal cells in the lining of your uterus

What Are the Treatment Options?

The treatment for heavy periods depends on the underlying cause. Some of the common treatment options include:.

Medications

Over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen can help relieve cramping and reduce bleeding. Hormonal birth control can also regulate your menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding.

Non-Invasive Procedures

Endometrial ablation is a non-invasive procedure that involves destroying the lining of the uterus to reduce bleeding.

Another non-invasive option is uterine artery embolization, which involves blocking the blood vessels that supply the uterus to reduce bleeding.

Surgery

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove fibroids or polyps that are causing heavy bleeding.

A hysterectomy, which is the removal of the uterus, may be recommended if other treatments have been unsuccessful or if you have completed your family.

When to See a Doctor?

If you are experiencing heavy periods, it is important to see your gynecologist. They will be able to determine the underlying cause and recommend the appropriate treatment. You should also see a doctor if:.

You are passing blood clots that are larger than a quarter
You feel weak or dizzy
You experience shortness of breath
You have a fever or chills
Your periods are interfering with your daily activities

Prevention Tips

There are several things you can do to prevent heavy periods. These include:.

Maintain a healthy weight
Exercise regularly
Follow a healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption
Manage stress through relaxation techniques such as yoga and meditation
Get adequate sleep

Conclusion

Heavy periods can be a distressing and uncomfortable experience for many women. It can be caused by several factors, including hormonal imbalances, fibroids, and endometriosis.

The treatment for heavy periods depends on the underlying cause, and there are several options available, including medications, non-invasive procedures, and surgery. It is important to see your gynecologist if you are experiencing heavy periods or any of the associated symptoms. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and managing stress, you can potentially prevent heavy periods from occurring.