Hypothermia is a condition that occurs when the body temperature drops below the normal range of 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F).

It can occur as a result of exposure to cold weather, immersion in cold water or wind, and can also be caused by certain medical conditions.

Causes of Hypothermia

There are many reasons why a person may experience hypothermia. Some of these include:.

Exposure to cold weather or wind
Immersion in cold water
Wearing wet clothing for long periods of time
Dehydration
Malnutrition
Excessive alcohol or drug consumption
Traumatic injury or shock
Medical conditions such as diabetes, stroke or hypothyroidism

Symptoms of Hypothermia

The symptoms of hypothermia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:.

Shivering
Pale skin
Slurred speech
Slow or shallow breathing
Weak pulse
Drowsiness or confusion
Loss of coordination
Unconsciousness

Treatment of Hypothermia

If you suspect someone is experiencing hypothermia, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. While waiting for medical help to arrive, take these steps:.

Move the person to a warm, dry place
Remove any wet clothing and replace with dry clothing or blankets
Wrap the person in a warm blanket or sleeping bag
Place warm, dry objects (such as hot water bottles or heating pads) near the person’s chest, neck and groin
Give the person warm, non-alcoholic beverages (such as tea or soup), if they are able to swallow

Prevention of Hypothermia

To prevent hypothermia, take the following precautions:.

Dress in warm layers and wear a hat, gloves and scarf
Avoid exposure to cold weather or wind
Avoid prolonged immersion in cold water
Stay hydrated and nourished, especially in cold weather
Avoid consumption of excessive alcohol or drugs

When to See a Doctor

If you experience hypothermia, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. If left untreated, hypothermia can lead to serious complications such as frostbite, hypotension or even death.

Seek medical attention if you experience any of the following symptoms:.

Uncontrollable shaking
Confusion or irritability
Loss of consciousness
Coma
Chest pain or shortness of breath

The Bottom Line

Hypothermia is a serious condition that should not be taken lightly. If you frequently experience hypothermia or know someone who does, it is important to seek medical attention and take steps to prevent future episodes. Stay warm, stay safe!.