Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition that results from blood clots that form in deep veins, predominantly in the legs.

It affects approximately 900,000 people per year in the United States alone and is responsible for 60,000 to 100,000 deaths annually. Compression hosiery is a type of stocking that is designed to reduce the risk of DVT by improving circulation and reducing swelling. This article will explore the impact of compression hosiery on thrombosis prevention.

What is Compression Hosiery?

Compression hosiery is a type of garment that is designed to apply pressure to the legs. It is made from a stretchy, elastic material that compresses the veins, arteries, and muscles in the lower leg.

This helps to improve circulation and prevent blood clots from forming. Compression hosiery comes in a range of different compression levels, from mild to heavy.

Mild compression stockings are recommended for those who sit or stand for long periods, while heavy compression stockings are recommended for those who have already experienced DVT.

The Science behind Compression Hosiery

The underlying science behind compression hosiery is that it improves circulation and reduces the risk of blood clots. The compression applied by the stocking helps to reduce the diameter of the veins and increase the velocity of blood flow.

This reduces the likelihood of blood pooling and clotting within the veins. Compression hosiery also helps to reduce the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome, which is a long-term complication of DVT that can cause pain, swelling, and skin changes in the affected area.

Benefits of Compression Hosiery

Compression hosiery is designed to improve circulation and reduce swelling in the legs. It can be used to prevent DVT in patients at high risk, such as those who have had previous blood clots, are undergoing surgery, or have limited mobility.

Compression hosiery can also be used to manage existing DVT by reducing the pain and swelling associated with the condition. Additionally, compression hosiery can be used to treat varicose veins, which are swollen, twisted veins that can cause discomfort and pain.

Choosing the Right Compression Hosiery

Compression hosiery comes in different compression levels and sizes. It is important to choose the right level of compression for your needs, as well as the right size to ensure a comfortable fit.

Mild compression stockings have a pressure of 8-15 mmHg and are recommended for those who sit or stand for long periods. Moderate compression stockings have a pressure of 15-20 mmHg and are recommended for those who have varicose veins or mild to moderate swelling.

Firm compression stockings have a pressure of 20-30 mmHg and are recommended for those who have had DVT or severe swelling.

Effectiveness of Compression Hosiery in Thrombosis Prevention

A number of studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of compression hosiery in preventing DVT.

A 2013 Cochrane review of 26 randomized controlled trials found that the use of compression stockings reduced the risk of DVT by 63% in high-risk patients. Another study of post-surgery patients found that those who wore compression stockings had a 63% lower risk of DVT compared to those who did not wear compression stockings.

A third study of patients with varicose veins found that the use of compression stockings reduced pain and other symptoms associated with the condition.

Challenges of Using Compression Hosiery

While compression hosiery can be effective in preventing DVT and managing a range of other conditions, there are some challenges associated with its use.

One of the biggest challenges is compliance – patients may not want to wear the stockings or may find them uncomfortable. The cost of compression hosiery can also be a barrier for some patients.

Additionally, some patients may have conditions that contraindicate the use of compression stockings, such as severe arterial insufficiency or allergy to the materials used in the stockings.

Conclusion

Compression hosiery is an effective tool in preventing DVT and managing a range of other conditions. The science behind compression hosiery is that it reduces the risk of blood clots by improving circulation and reducing swelling in the legs.

The benefits of compression hosiery include improved circulation, reduced swelling, and a lower risk of DVT and post-thrombotic syndrome. Choosing the right compression hosiery is important, as is ensuring that the stockings are worn regularly and correctly.

While there are some challenges associated with the use of compression hosiery, it remains an important tool in preventing DVT and improving overall vascular health.