Influenza or flu is a viral infection that can cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe.

Flu usually affects the respiratory system, and it can lead to complications such as pneumonia, especially in older adults and people with weakened immune systems. Every year, influenza viruses cause millions of cases of illness and contribute to thousands of deaths worldwide. However, some flu seasons are particularly severe, and people over a certain age are more vulnerable to complications.

In this article, we will explore why the flu is more deadly for people over 110 years old.

What is influenza?

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. There are four types of influenza viruses, named A, B, C, and D.

Influenza A and B viruses are responsible for seasonal flu epidemics, while influenza C virus is less common and causes mild respiratory symptoms. Influenza D viruses primarily affect cattle and are not known to infect humans. Influenza viruses typically spread from person to person through droplets that are produced when infected people cough, sneeze or talk.

People can also contract the flu by touching an object with the virus on it and then touching their mouth, nose, or eyes.

Why is the flu more deadly for older adults?

Older adults are more vulnerable to influenza complications for several reasons. Firstly, as people age, their immune system weakens, making it harder for their body to fight off infections.

Secondly, many older adults have underlying health conditions, such as heart disease, lung disease, or diabetes, which can make them more susceptible to flu complications. Finally, older adults may also have decreased lung function, making it harder for them to breathe and recover from respiratory illnesses.

How does the flu affect older adults?

The flu can be particularly dangerous for older adults, especially those over 65 years old.

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), each year, 70-85% of flu-related deaths occur in people over 65 years old, and people over 85 are at the highest risk of dying from the flu. Older adults who contract the flu are also more likely to develop complications such as pneumonia, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions. These complications can lead to hospitalization and can be life-threatening.

Why does the flu affect the very old differently?

The influenza virus affects different age groups differently, and the reasons for this are not entirely clear.

However, some researchers speculate that elderly people may have a blunted immune response to the virus, leading to increased susceptibility and severity of the infection. Additionally, older adults may have weaker respiratory muscles, making it harder for them to clear secretions from their lungs, leading to infections such as pneumonia.

Older adults are also more likely to have comorbidities, such as heart disease, making them more vulnerable to complications if they contract the flu.

How can older adults protect themselves from the flu?

Older adults can reduce their risk of contracting the flu or experiencing severe flu symptoms by getting an annual flu vaccine.

The flu vaccine is safe and effective, and it helps protect against the most common flu viruses that are circulating each year. In addition to vaccination, older adults should practice good respiratory hygiene, such as covering their mouth and nose when they cough or sneeze, and washing their hands frequently.

It’s also essential to avoid close contact with sick people, stay away from crowded areas during flu season, and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including eating a nutritious diet, getting enough sleep, and exercising regularly.

Conclusion

The flu can be a severe illness, especially for older adults. People over 110 years old are particularly vulnerable to flu complications and are at a higher risk of dying from the virus.

Influenza viruses can cause respiratory symptoms, lead to pneumonia, and exacerbate underlying chronic conditions such as heart or lung disease. Older adults can protect themselves from the flu by getting vaccinated, practicing good respiratory hygiene, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.