Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection that occurs when there is an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. Although it is not a sexually transmitted infection, it can affect women who are sexually active.

BV during pregnancy is a concern as it may put some women at an increased risk of miscarriage. In this article, we will explore what bacterial vaginosis is, how it could affect pregnancy, and who is at the greatest risk of miscarriage.

Understanding Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is not considered a serious health concern. However, it can result in some unpleasant symptoms such as vaginal discharge that is thin and grayish-white in color and has an unpleasant odor.

Some women may also experience itching, burning, or discomfort in their genital area.

The vagina is home to a variety of bacteria that help maintain its health. When these bacteria become imbalanced, it can lead to BV. Some of the factors that can trigger BV include:.

Sexual activity, including intercourse and oral sex
Douching
Using vaginal deodorants or perfumed products
Certain medications, such as antibiotics or steroids

While BV isn’t considered an STI, having a new sexual partner or multiple partners can increase the risk of developing the infection.

Bacterial Vaginosis and Pregnancy

Most women with bacterial vaginosis deliver healthy babies with no complications. However, for some women, BV during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage or premature delivery.

Although the cause and effect of BV and these pregnancy complications are not fully understood, many experts believe that the infection can lead to inflammation of the cervix, leading to premature labor and delivery.

In addition, BV can increase the risk of contracting other STIs, such as herpes and chlamydia, which can also pose a risk to the developing fetus.

Who is at Risk?

Although bacterial vaginosis is relatively common, some women are more at risk than others. The following factors may increase the risk of developing BV during pregnancy:.

Previous episodes of BV or bacterial infections
Multiple sexual partners
Recent change in sexual partners
Douching
Smoking
Use of an intrauterine device (IUD)
Use of antibiotics

Women who have a history of preterm labor and delivery, as well as those with weakened immune systems, are also at increased risk of developing complications from BV during pregnancy.

Treatment Options for BV During Pregnancy

If you suspect you have bacterial vaginosis, it is important to seek medical treatment as soon as possible. Your healthcare provider will likely perform a physical exam and gather a sample of vaginal discharge to test for the presence of BV.

If the test confirms the presence of BV, antibiotics will be prescribed to clear the infection.

However, if you are pregnant, you should not take just any antibiotic, as some antibiotics can be harmful to the developing fetus. Your healthcare provider will determine the best course of treatment based on your individual situation.

It is also important to avoid certain activities that can increase the risk of BV during pregnancy, such as douching and having unprotected sex.

Maintaining good hygiene practices and washing your hands frequently can also help prevent bacterial vaginosis.

Conclusion

Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is a relatively common condition that can increase the risk of complications such as miscarriage and premature delivery.

Although the cause and effect of BV and these complications are not fully understood, it is important for pregnant women who suspect they have the infection to seek prompt medical treatment. Women who are at increased risk of developing BV should take steps to reduce their risk, such as practicing good hygiene and avoiding certain activities that can trigger the infection.