As spring arrives, so do seasonal allergies. It is the time when our immune system becomes hypersensitive to certain allergens like pollen, mold, and dust.

While some tend to suffer from mild symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes, others may experience severe reactions like asthma attacks, inflammation and hives.

Over-the-counter medications such as antihistamines and decongestants can provide temporary relief, but they only mask the symptoms and do not address the root of the problem.

Immunotherapy is a long-term solution for allergies that aims to desensitize the immune system and provide permanent relief from allergy symptoms.

What is Immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy, also known as allergy shots, is a form of treatment that involves exposing the patient to small amounts of the allergen responsible for their symptoms on a regular basis.

The exposure helps to desensitize the immune system so that it no longer overreacts when exposed to the allergen.

The process involves multiple sessions over a period of several months or years.

During each session, the patient receives a small injection containing the allergen extract, with the dose gradually increased to build up the immune system’s tolerance over time.

Types of Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy comes in two forms – subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).

Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (SCIT)

SCIT involves injecting a small amount of allergen extract under the patient’s skin. The injections are administered in a doctor’s office, usually once a week for several months.

The dosage gradually increases over time until it reaches a maintenance dose, which is then given once a month.

Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT)

SLIT involves placing a small amount of allergen extract under the patient’s tongue. The dosage is gradually increased over time similar to SCIT. Unlike SCIT, SLIT can be self-administered at home without the need for injections.

Benefits of Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy has several benefits over traditional allergy medications, including:.

Long-term relief from allergy symptoms
Reduced dependence on allergy medications
Reduced risk of developing asthma
Reduction in the severity of allergic reactions
Improved quality of life

Who is a Good Candidate for Immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy is recommended for individuals with moderate to severe allergies who experience symptoms that significantly impact their quality of life. It may be suitable for patients with:.

Seasonal allergies
Year-round allergies
Asthma triggered by allergies
Allergic rhinitis
Allergic conjunctivitis
Severe reactions to insect stings

Immunotherapy is not suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions, including:.

Autoimmune disorders
Cardiovascular diseases
Pregnant women
Patients receiving beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors
Patients with immune system disorders

What to Expect During Immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy sessions typically last between 30 to 60 minutes, including monitoring time after the injection. The treatments are usually administered in a doctor’s office, under the supervision of a medical professional.

Patients are advised not to exercise vigorously for at least two hours before and after the injections to avoid any adverse reactions. Reaction to immunotherapy is rare, but it may occur immediately after injection. Patients are asked to wait at the clinic for at least 30 minutes after the injection for close observation.

The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the allergy. However, most patients benefit from 3 to 5 years of immunotherapy treatment.

Is Immunotherapy Covered by Insurance?

Immunotherapy is usually covered by most insurance plans. However, it is best to check with your insurance provider to confirm coverage and any out-of-pocket expenses that may apply.

Conclusion

Immunotherapy is a long-term solution for allergies that offers permanent relief from allergy symptoms. It helps to desensitize the immune system and reduces the severity of allergic reactions, which can improve the patient’s quality of life.

If you suffer from allergies that significantly impact your quality of life, immunotherapy may be an excellent option for you. Consult with your doctor to determine if immunotherapy is suitable for your case.