Diabetes is a chronic illness in which the body struggles to regulate blood sugar properly. When left unchecked, high blood sugar levels can cause a range of complications, including nerve damage, blindness, and kidney disease.

However, with proper management, many of these complications can be prevented. Here are some strategies to help you maintain healthy blood sugar levels and avoid complications.

1. Monitor Your Blood Sugar

The first step in controlling blood sugar levels is to monitor them closely. Regular blood sugar testing gives you a clear picture of your blood sugar throughout the day, allowing you to adjust your medication, diet, and activity levels accordingly.

Work with your healthcare provider to develop a monitoring plan that works for you – this may involve using a glucometer or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device.

2. Follow a Healthy Diet

A healthy diet is essential for managing blood sugar levels. Focus on eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein sources, and healthy fats.

Avoid sugary and highly processed foods, which can cause blood sugar spikes and lead to weight gain. Work with a registered dietitian or certified diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.

3. Get Regular Exercise

Regular exercise is an important part of blood sugar control. Exercise can help increase insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.

This can include activities like walking, cycling, swimming, or strength training. However, if you are new to exercise or have complications like neuropathy, talk to your healthcare provider before starting a new exercise program.

4. Take Medications as Prescribed

If you have been prescribed medication to help manage your blood sugar levels, it is essential to take them as directed. This may include oral medications or insulin injections.

Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions closely, and never adjust your medication dosage without consulting them first. Failure to take medications as prescribed can lead to dangerous blood sugar fluctuations and complications.

5. Manage Stress

Stress can have a significant impact on blood sugar levels. When stress hormones are released, they cause blood sugar levels to rise. Strategies like deep breathing, mindfulness meditation, and regular physical activity can help you manage stress levels.

You may also benefit from therapy or counseling if you are dealing with chronic stress or anxiety.

6. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for blood sugar control. Excess weight can make it more difficult for the body to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Aim for a body mass index (BMI) within the healthy range – between 18.5 and 24.9.

Your healthcare provider can help you determine a healthy weight range for your body type.

7. Stop Smoking

If you smoke, quitting is essential for many reasons – including blood sugar control. Smoking can make it more difficult for the body to use insulin properly, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

Additionally, smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is already elevated in people with diabetes.

8. Get Regular Check-Ups

Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are essential for managing diabetes and preventing complications. Your healthcare provider can monitor your blood sugar levels, screen for complications, and adjust your treatment plan as necessary.

Additionally, they can provide resources and support to help you manage your condition effectively.

9. Be Aware of Symptoms of Complications

Even with proper management, complications may still occur in some people with diabetes. Be aware of the symptoms of potential complications, including:.

Vision changes or blindness
Nerve damage (neuropathy), which can cause numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands and feet
Kidney disease, which can cause swelling in the legs and feet, frequent urination, and fatigue
Cardiovascular disease, which can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, or leg pain when walking

10. Take Action if You Experience Complications

If you experience symptoms of complications, it is essential to seek medical attention right away. Early detection and treatment can help prevent further damage and improve outcomes.

Stay in close communication with your healthcare provider about any symptoms or concerns you may have.