For decades, breast cancer has been one of the most pressing health concerns for women all over the world.

It is the second most common cancer among women globally, with over 2 million new cases and 627, 000 deaths reported in 2018 alone, as per the World Health Organization (WHO). Scientists and medical professionals have been working tirelessly to identify the factors that contribute to the development of breast cancer, one of which is breast density.

What is Breast Density?

Breast density refers to the amount of glandular and connective tissue in the breast as compared to the amount of fatty tissue. Breast density is determined by mammography which measures the amount of X-ray absorption in the breast tissue.

If the mammogram shows that the breast has more glandular and connective tissue, it is referred to as dense breast tissue. On the other hand, if the amount of glandular and connective tissue in the breast is low, it is termed as low breast density.

The Link Between Breast Density and Cancer

Research studies have shown that women with dense breast tissue have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.

According to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, women with dense breast tissue have a 4 to 6 times higher risk of developing breast cancer than women with low breast density. Furthermore, women with dense breasts are also at an increased risk of developing an aggressive form of breast cancer that is difficult to treat.

Researchers believe that there are several factors that contribute to the link between breast density and cancer. One of the most significant factors is that dense breast tissue makes it more challenging to detect breast cancer through mammography.

Mammograms use X-rays to produce an image of the breast tissue. Since dense breast tissue absorbs more X-rays, it can hide small tumors, making them more challenging to detect.

This means that women with dense breasts may need additional imaging tests, such as breast ultrasounds or MRI scans, to ensure that breast cancer is detected early.

Another possible explanation for the link between breast density and cancer is the fact that dense breast tissue contains more cells that are susceptible to mutations. Mutations in these cells can lead to the development of breast cancer.

Furthermore, estrogen and other hormones are known to play a role in the development of breast cancer. Since the breast tissue of women with dense breasts contains more glandular tissue, it may be more susceptible to the effects of these hormones.

Breast Density and Breast Cancer Screening

Given the link between breast density and breast cancer, there has been significant interest in improving breast cancer screening methods for women with dense breasts. Mammography remains the most commonly used screening tool for breast cancer.

However, additional screening tests, such as ultrasound or MRI, may be recommended for women with dense breasts.

In recent years, several states in the United States have passed laws that require healthcare providers to inform women if their mammogram shows dense breast tissue.

This information allows women to make informed decisions about additional breast cancer screening tests they may need based on their personal health history and risk factors for breast cancer.

Can Breast Density Be Reduced?

Since breast density is a risk factor for breast cancer, many women may wonder if there are ways to reduce breast density. Unfortunately, there is no known way to reduce breast density.

However, women can minimize their risk of breast cancer by adopting a healthy lifestyle and undergoing regular screening tests for breast cancer.

A healthy lifestyle involves eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

It is also essential to undergo regular breast cancer screening tests, including mammography, as recommended by your healthcare provider. Early detection of breast cancer can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment and increased chances of survival.

Conclusion

Breast density is a complex topic that continues to be the subject of research.

While there is no known way to reduce breast density, understanding its link to breast cancer helps in informing women about the importance of regular screening tests and adopting a healthy lifestyle. By taking care of their breasts, women can reduce their risk of developing breast cancer and increase their chances of survival if diagnosed with the disease.