Endometritis is a medical condition that causes inflammation or infection of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus.

This condition is usually caused by bacterial infections, but could also be a result of other factors such as viruses, fungi, and even hormones. Endometritis can be acute or chronic, and can affect a woman’s ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy.

Causes of Endometritis

As mentioned earlier, the primary cause of endometritis is bacterial infection.

The bacteria responsible could be sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, or regular bacteria from the normal flora in the vagina or intestine. Other causes include:.

IUDs or other contraception methods
Multiple sexual partners
Childbirth or recent abortion
Diabetes
A weakened immune system

Symptoms of Endometritis

Endometritis may not exhibit any symptoms in some women, but in others, the following symptoms may be experienced:.

Fever and chills
Pain and cramping in the pelvis or lower abdomen
Abnormal vaginal discharge, which could be watery, pus-like, or foul-smelling
Difficult or painful urination
Unusually heavy, painful, or irregular menstrual cycles
Pain during sexual intercourse
Infertility or difficulty getting pregnant

Effects of Endometritis on Fertility

Endometritis can significantly affect a woman’s chances of getting pregnant and carrying a pregnancy to full term. The infection and inflammation damage the lining of the uterus and make it difficult for fertilized eggs to implant and grow.

The body’s immune response that’s triggered by the infection may also produce substances that are toxic to the embryo.

In addition to difficulties with implantation, endometritis can also lead to the formation of scar tissue in the uterus or block the fallopian tubes, which interferes with ovulation and the transportation of eggs and sperm.

Diagnosis of Endometritis

Endometritis is usually diagnosed through a combination of medical history, a physical examination, and laboratory tests.

Your doctor will likely perform a pelvic exam and take a sample of your vaginal discharge or cervical mucus to test for the presence of bacteria or fungi. Blood tests and imaging exams such as ultrasound may also be used to check for signs of inflammation or other abnormalities.

Treatment of Endometritis

Treatment for endometritis usually involves a course of antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. Additionally, anti-inflammatory medications and pain relievers may be prescribed to reduce pain and discomfort.

In rare cases, when the infection is persistent and causes significant damage to the uterus, surgery may be recommended to remove the infected tissue or scar tissue.

Preventing Endometritis

Endometritis can be prevented by taking certain precautions such as using condoms during sexual intercourse to reduce the risk of STIs, practicing good hygiene, and avoiding the use of certain contraceptives that may increase your risk of infection.

Regular gynecological check-ups and early diagnosis and treatment of any infections can also help prevent complications.

Conclusion

Endometritis is a serious medical condition that affects the health of the uterus and a woman’s ability to conceive. While the condition can be treated, its effect on fertility may last for a long time, and in some cases, may be permanent.

Women should seek immediate medical attention if they experience any symptoms of endometritis or if they are having difficulty getting pregnant. With proper diagnosis and treatment, it’s possible to overcome endometritis and achieve a successful pregnancy.