Cardiovascular disease or CVD is a group of disorders that affect the heart and the blood vessels. It is one of the leading causes of mortality globally.

CVD can be divided into several categories, including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, heart failure, and other conditions that affect the heart or blood vessels. CVD can affect anyone, but some species are more prone to this disease than others.

Human beings

Human beings are one species that is at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. CVD claims the lives of millions of people every year.

Atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries, is one of the leading causes of CVD in humans. This buildup narrows the arteries and restricts the flow of blood to the vital organs, such as the heart and the brain.

Consequently, humans are advised to adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a healthy diet, and avoidance of risk factors such as smoking and obesity, to reduce their risk of developing CVD.

Dogs

Just like humans, dogs are also at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. In dogs, the most common type of CVD is known as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

This is a condition in which the heart—especially the left ventricle—becomes enlarged and weakened, making it difficult to pump blood. DCM mostly affects larger breeds, such as Great Danes, Boxers, and Doberman Pinschers. Other risk factors for DCM in dogs include age, obesity, and a diet that is deficient in certain nutrients.

Cats

Cats are also at risk for developing cardiovascular disease. The most common type of CVD in cats is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

This is a condition in which the walls of the heart become abnormally thick, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. HCM is a genetic disease, and certain breeds, such as Persians, Ragdolls, and Maine Coons are more prone to it. Other risk factors for HCM in cats include obesity and thyroid disorders.

Birds

Birds, especially those kept as pets, are also at risk for developing cardiovascular disease. The most common type of CVD in birds is known as atherosclerosis.

This condition is similar to that seen in humans—fatty deposits accumulate in the arteries, leading to a restricted flow of blood. Atherosclerosis is commonly seen in pet birds such as parrots and canaries, especially those who are fed an unhealthy diet that is high in fat and low in nutrients.

Rodents

Finally, rodents, such as mice, rats, and guinea pigs, are also at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The most common type of CVD in these animals is hypertension, a condition in which the blood pressure is abnormally high.

Although hypertension in rodents is typically caused by genetic factors, obesity, and stress can also contribute to its development. Furthermore, rodents are often used as models for studying human CVD, making their study of interest to researchers.

Conclusion

Cardiovascular disease is a significant health concern worldwide, affecting a variety of species, including humans, dogs, cats, birds, and rodents.

Although the risk factors and specific manifestations of CVD vary among species, many of the preventative measures are the same, including eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking. By taking steps to prevent CVD, we can improve the health and longevity of ourselves and our animal companions.