If you work on a computer or participate in repetitive hand or wrist movements, you may be at risk for carpal tunnel syndrome. This condition is a type of repetitive motion injury, which can be debilitating if not treated promptly.

In this article, we will discuss the warning signs of carpal tunnel syndrome, how it is diagnosed, and different treatment options available.

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that causes pain, tingling, and numbness in your hand and wrist. This occurs when the median nerve, which travels from the forearm to the hand, becomes compressed or irritated.

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway made up of bone and ligament, which houses the median nerve and several tendons that control movement in your hand and fingers.

Individuals who perform the same hand and wrist motions repeatedly or use vibrating tools are more susceptible to developing carpal tunnel syndrome.

Other factors, such as the natural anatomy of the wrist, pregnancy, obesity, certain underlying medical conditions, or trauma to the wrist, can also contribute to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome.

What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

If you experience any of the following signs, it is likely that you have carpal tunnel syndrome:.

Pain or Discomfort in Hand, Wrist, or Arm

The pain or discomfort in hand, wrist, or arm occurs gradually and intensifies over time. Individuals may experience aching, burning, or shooting pain which increases during the night.

The pain can be so intense that it wakes you up, and you may find it difficult to find a comfortable position to relieve the pain.

Numbness or Tingling Sensation

You may feel numbness or tingling sensation in your hand, fingers, or wrist. These symptoms can sometimes feel like an electric shock or a sensation of pins and needles.

Numbness and tingling sensation are particularly common in your thumb, middle, ring, or index fingers.

Weakness of Hand and Grip

If you are suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome, you may find it challenging to make a fist, hold objects, or perform simple tasks with your hand, such as writing or typing.

This is because the median nerve which controls the movement of the hand and fingers is compressed, leading to a weakness of hand and grip over time.

How is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosed?

If you are experiencing some or all of the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, you should visit your doctor.

After reviewing your medical history and performing a physical examination of your hand, wrist, and arm, the doctor may want to run diagnostic tests. These diagnostic tests may include:.

Nerve Conduction Study (NCS)

Nerve conduction study measures the electrical activity of the median nerve as it travels through the carpal tunnel. NCS can determine the extent of nerve damage and how well the nerve is conducting electrical impulses.

Electromyography (EMG)

Electromyography measures the electrical activity of muscles and nerves. This test helps to determine how healthy your muscles and nerves are by measuring the electrical activity in them.

X-Ray or MRI

An X-Ray or MRI is not often used in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. These tests can help a doctor diagnose whether the individual is suffering from other conditions like arthritis.

What are the Treatment Options for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

The treatment options for carpal tunnel syndrome depend on the severity of the condition. Below are the common treatment options:.

Non-Surgical Treatment

If carpal tunnel syndrome is detected early, it can often be treated non-surgically. Some non-surgical treatment options include:.

Wrist Splinting: This involves wearing a wrist splint at night to keep the wrist from bending while you sleep. It can also be used during the day to alleviate symptoms.
Physical Therapy: Certain exercises and stretches can be performed to strengthen and stretch your wrist and hand
Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Over-the-counter pain relief medication, like ibuprofen, can help provide relief to the pain and swelling.

Surgical Treatment

If non-surgical treatment options do not provide relief, surgery may be necessary to restore hand and wrist function. The goal of surgery is to relieve pressure on the median nerve as it travels through the carpal tunnel to the hand.

There are two types of carpal tunnel surgery:.

Open Release Surgery: This traditional surgery involves an incision in the palm of your hand to open the wrist and release the pressure on the median nerve.
Endoscopic Surgery: This procedure utilizes an endoscope, a thin tube with a camera on the end, to guide the surgeon while they release the carpal tissue through a small incision.

Conclusion

Most people do not realize they have carpal tunnel syndrome until they experience the symptoms. If you experience pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in your hand, wrist, or arm, you may have carpal tunnel syndrome.

It is important to consult with your doctor to diagnose the condition and determine the best course of treatment before the symptoms worsen.