Childhood obesity is an alarming problem in many countries. According to the World Health Organization, the number of overweight children under the age of five alone rose from 32 million globally in 1990 to 42 million in 2013.

A major contributor to this problem is the increase in belly fat among children. Belly fat is not just unsightly; it also poses a serious health risk. In this article, we delve deeper into the truth about belly fat in childhood obesity.

What is Belly Fat?

Belly fat, also known as visceral fat, is the layer of fat that accumulates around the organs in the abdominal cavity. It is different from subcutaneous fat, which is the layer of fat that lies beneath the skin.

Visceral fat is more dangerous than subcutaneous fat, and a huge amount of this type of fat in the body can result in many health problems.

Why is Belly Fat Dangerous?

Unlike subcutaneous fat, visceral fat is metabolically active, which means that it produces hormones and chemicals that can interfere with the body’s metabolic processes.

These hormones can lead to insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and abnormal cholesterol levels, which increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Belly fat can also increase the risk of certain cancers, such as colon and breast cancer.

How is Belly Fat Measured?

There are various ways to measure belly fat, but the most common method is the waist circumference measurement. It involves measuring the waist at the level of the belly button, and the result is compared to a set of standardized values.

For boys, a waist circumference greater than 90 cm (35 inches) is considered high, while for girls, it is 80 cm (32 inches).

What Causes Belly Fat in Children?

There are several factors that contribute to the development of belly fat in children, including:.

Inactivity

Lack of physical activity is a major contributor to the development of belly fat. Children who spend most of their time sitting and have little physical activity are more prone to developing belly fat than those who engage in regular physical activity.

Unhealthy Diet

Consuming high amounts of sugary drinks, processed food, and fast food is another major contributor to the development of belly fat.

These foods are often high in calories, unhealthy fats, and added sugars, which can lead to obesity and the accumulation of belly fat.

Genetics

Genetics also play a role in the development of belly fat. Children who have a family history of obesity or abdominal obesity are more likely to develop belly fat than those who do not.

Sleep Deprivation

Sleep deprivation has also been linked to the development of belly fat. Children who do not get enough sleep are more prone to develop belly fat and other health problems.

The Effects of Belly Fat on Children

Belly fat can have serious health consequences in children. In the short term, it can lead to breathing problems, sleep apnea, and low self-esteem. In the long term, it can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases, such as:.

Type 2 Diabetes

Children with a high amount of belly fat are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or does not use it effectively. This can lead to high blood sugar levels and other health problems.

Heart Disease

Belly fat is also linked to an increased risk of heart disease in children. This condition occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrow or blocked, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke.

High Blood Pressure

Children with belly fat are more likely to have high blood pressure, a condition in which the force of blood against the artery walls is too high. High blood pressure can lead to heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.

Preventing and Treating Belly Fat in Children

The good news is that belly fat can be prevented and treated in children. Here are some strategies that parents and caregivers can follow:.

Encourage Physical Activity

Encouraging children to engage in regular physical activity, such as playing sports, dancing, or walking, can help reduce the risk of developing belly fat.

Aim for at least 60 minutes of moderate physical activity or 30 minutes of vigorous activity every day.

Provide a Healthy Diet

Providing children with a healthy and balanced diet can help them maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of developing belly fat. The diet should include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.

Avoid sugary drinks, processed foods, and fast food.

Limit Screen Time

Limiting screen time, including watching TV and playing video games, can help prevent belly fat. Try to limit screen time to no more than 1-2 hours per day.

Encourage Adequate Sleep

Encouraging children to get adequate sleep can also help reduce the risk of developing belly fat. Aim for at least 9-11 hours of sleep per night for school-aged children.

Conclusion

Belly fat is a serious health problem that affects children all over the world. It is important for parents and caregivers to understand the risk factors and take steps to prevent and treat belly fat in children.

Encouraging regular physical activity, providing a healthy diet, limiting screen time, and promoting adequate sleep can help reduce the risk of developing belly fat and other health problems.