Winter season usually brings with it the flu. But the Influenza wave that swept across the country during the winter of 2019-2020 was more severe. Unfortunately, this flu season was deadly and left dozens of people hospitalized due to its complications.

The outbreak began in December 2019 and continued to peak in January and February of 2020. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that the number of hospitalizations was more than 280,000 and the death toll was about 16,000.

What is Influenza?

Influenza is a highly infectious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. There are three types of influenza viruses- A, B, and C. Type A and B cause seasonal epidemics every year and can lead to severe illness and death in high-risk groups.

Type C causes mild respiratory infections and is not a significant public health concern. Influenza viruses constantly change and can emerge as new strains that can affect people severely.

How Does Influenza Spread?

Influenza spreads from person to person through droplets produced by coughing and sneezing. The flu virus can also spread by touching a surface contaminated with the virus and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.

What are the Symptoms of Influenza?

The symptoms of influenza are similar to those of a cold but are more severe. Symptoms include:.

Fever and chills
Muscle aches
Cough
Sore throat
Runny or stuffy nose
Fatigue

In severe cases, the flu can lead to complications such as pneumonia, bronchitis, sinus, and ear infections.

Who is at Risk of Developing Flu Complications?

Some people are at a higher risk of developing flu-related complications. These include:.

People aged 65 years and older
Pregnant women
Children younger than 5 years old, and especially children younger than 2 years old
People with underlying medical conditions, such as asthma, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune systems

How to Prevent the Spread of Influenza?

The best way to prevent the spread of the flu is by getting vaccinated. The flu vaccine is recommended for everyone aged six months and older. Other measures to prevent the spread of influenza include:.

Washing hands often with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Avoiding close contact with sick people
Staying home when sick
Covering mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing and disposing of the tissue immediately
Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces that are frequently touched

What is the Treatment for Influenza?

There are antiviral drugs available for the treatment of influenza. Antiviral drugs work by shortening the duration of illness, reducing the severity of symptoms, and preventing serious complications.

People at a higher risk of developing complications should seek medical care early. Antiviral drugs are most effective when taken within 48 hours of symptom onset. Other treatments include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medication for symptom relief such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain.

Conclusion

The deadly Influenza wave taking its toll across the country highlights the importance of being cautious during flu season.

It is crucial to take the necessary steps to prevent the flu from spreading, and people at high risk of developing complications should take extra precautions. Vaccination is the best defense against the flu virus and can help reduce the number of hospitalizations and deaths related to this severe illness.