Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide.

While there are various factors that can contribute to the development of prostate cancer, several studies have suggested that dietary factors play a significant role. In particular, certain foods and nutrients have been found to increase the risk of advanced prostate cancer, which is characterized by the spreading of cancer beyond the prostate gland.

Understanding these dietary factors can help individuals make informed choices to reduce their risk of developing advanced prostate cancer.

1. Red and processed meat

A high intake of red and processed meat has been consistently associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. Red meat, such as beef, pork, and lamb, contains saturated fats and high levels of iron, which may promote cancer growth.

Processed meats, such as sausages, bacon, and deli meats, often contain nitrates and nitrites, which have been linked to prostate cancer development. To reduce the risk, it is advisable to limit the consumption of red and processed meats and opt for lean sources of protein instead.

2. Dairy products

Studies have shown that high consumption of dairy products, particularly whole milk and cheese, is associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer.

Dairy products contain high levels of calcium and dairy proteins, which may influence hormone levels and promote tumor growth. While more research is needed to establish a definitive link, individuals concerned about reducing their risk may consider limiting their intake of dairy or opting for low-fat alternatives.

3. High-fat diets

A diet high in fat, especially saturated fats and trans fats, has been linked to an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. Such diets tend to be energy-dense and may contribute to obesity, a known risk factor for prostate cancer.

To reduce the risk, it is recommended to adopt a balanced diet that includes healthy fats, such as those found in nuts, avocados, and fatty fish, while minimizing consumption of saturated and trans fats.

4. Low intake of fruits and vegetables

A low consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with an increased risk of many types of cancers, including advanced prostate cancer.

Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, which help protect against cell damage and promote overall health. To lower the risk, it is important to incorporate a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables into the diet on a daily basis.

5. High intake of sugar

Diets high in added sugars, such as those found in sugary beverages, desserts, and processed snacks, have been linked to an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer.

High sugar intake can lead to weight gain, inflammation, and insulin resistance, all of which may contribute to cancer development. Limiting the consumption of sugary foods and beverages is essential for overall health and reducing cancer risk.

6. Low intake of omega-3 fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and trout, have been associated with several health benefits, including a reduced risk of advanced prostate cancer.

These fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may help inhibit cancer cell growth. Including omega-3-rich foods in the diet, or considering supplementation under medical supervision, may be beneficial for individuals concerned about prostate cancer.

7. Alcohol consumption

Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer.

Alcohol can interfere with hormone metabolism, damage DNA, and lower the body’s antioxidant capacity, all of which may contribute to cancer development. Limiting alcohol intake or avoiding it altogether is advisable for reducing both prostate cancer risk and other health-related risks.

8. Low intake of selenium

Selenium is a trace mineral that plays a vital role in cancer prevention and overall health. Low levels of selenium have been associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer.

Good food sources of selenium include Brazil nuts, seafood, whole grains, and organ meats. Ensuring an adequate intake of selenium through a balanced diet can help reduce the risk of advanced prostate cancer.

9. High intake of calcium supplements

While calcium is necessary for bone health, excessive intake through supplements has been associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer.

Calcium supplementation may interfere with the metabolism of vitamin D, an essential nutrient for prostate health. It is recommended to obtain calcium primarily from dietary sources and consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation.

10. Low intake of green tea and tomatoes

Green tea and tomatoes are two dietary factors that have shown potential protective effects against advanced prostate cancer. Green tea contains polyphenols, which possess anticancer properties and may help reduce cancer cell proliferation.

Tomatoes are rich in lycopene, an antioxidant compound linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer progression. Including green tea and tomatoes in the diet may be beneficial for individuals concerned about prostate cancer.