Internal ulcers, also known as peptic ulcers, are sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus. These ulcers can cause a variety of symptoms and can be differentiated based on their location and underlying causes.

Understanding the different types of internal ulcers and their symptoms is crucial for proper diagnosis and effective treatment. In this article, we will explore the various symptoms and types of internal ulcers.

Types of Internal Ulcers

1. Gastric Ulcers.

Gastric ulcers are ulcers that form in the lining of the stomach. These ulcers typically cause pain and discomfort in the upper abdomen. The pain may worsen after eating or at night.

2. Duodenal Ulcers.

Duodenal ulcers develop in the first part of the small intestine known as the duodenum. They are the most common type of internal ulcers. Symptoms of duodenal ulcers include burning pain in the abdomen, particularly between meals and at night.

The pain often improves after eating.

3. Esophageal Ulcers.

Esophageal ulcers occur in the lining of the esophagus. These ulcers can cause difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and a burning sensation in the throat or chest. Reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus is a common cause of esophageal ulcers.

4. Stress Ulcers.

Stress ulcers, also known as acute stress ulcers, are ulcers that develop due to severe physical stress or trauma. These ulcers are commonly seen in critically ill patients, especially those on mechanical ventilation.

They typically occur in the stomach and can cause significant bleeding.

5. NSAID-Induced Ulcers.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen can cause ulcers in the stomach or small intestine. These ulcers are primarily caused by the inhibition of prostaglandins, which help protect the stomach lining.

Long-term use or high doses of NSAIDs increase the risk of developing these ulcers.

Symptoms of Internal Ulcers

1. Abdominal Pain.

One of the most common symptoms of internal ulcers is abdominal pain. The pain is typically described as a burning or gnawing sensation and is usually located in the upper abdomen. The severity of the pain can vary from mild to severe.

2. Indigestion.

Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is another common symptom of internal ulcers. It is characterized by discomfort or a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen. Indigestion can be accompanied by bloating, nausea, and a loss of appetite.

3. Heartburn.

Heartburn is a burning sensation that is felt in the chest, usually after eating or at night. It occurs when stomach acid flows backward into the esophagus.

While heartburn can be a symptom of internal ulcers, it can also be caused by other conditions such as acid reflux disease.

4. Nausea and Vomiting.

Internal ulcers can cause nausea and vomiting, especially if they are located in the stomach or duodenum. These symptoms may be more prominent after eating or taking certain medications.

5. Unintended Weight Loss.

If internal ulcers interfere with the ability to eat and digest food properly, unintended weight loss may occur. This weight loss is often accompanied by a decrease in appetite and fatigue.

6. Anemia.

Internal ulcers that cause bleeding can lead to anemia, a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count. Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

7. Dark, Tarry Stools.

Bleeding ulcers in the stomach or small intestine can result in the passage of dark, tarry stools. This is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding and requires immediate medical attention.

8. Chest Pain.

In the case of esophageal ulcers, chest pain may occur. The pain can resemble the pain experienced during a heart attack and may radiate to the back or arms.

9. Difficulty Swallowing.

Esophageal ulcers can make swallowing difficult or painful. This condition, known as dysphagia, can occur due to narrowing of the esophagus or the formation of scar tissue.

10. Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Severe internal ulcers can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Signs of bleeding may include vomiting blood, the presence of blood in the stool, or black, tarry stools.

Conclusion

Internal ulcers can have various causes and locations, each exhibiting its own unique symptoms. Proper differentiation of these ulcers is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

If you experience any of the mentioned symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. Early detection and effective management of internal ulcers can help prevent complications and promote healing.