Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the digestive tract. It causes inflammation, irritation, and swelling, which can lead to a range of symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, and fatigue.

While there is no cure for Crohn’s disease, there are various treatments and lifestyle changes that can help manage the symptoms. One of the most effective ways to manage Crohn’s symptoms, besides medical treatment, is through a healthy diet. In this article, we will discuss the proper diet for managing symptoms of Crohn’s disease.

The Importance of Nutrition in Crohn’s Disease

Nutrition plays a crucial role in the management of Crohn’s disease. People with Crohn’s are at risk of malnutrition due to their gastrointestinal symptoms, such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, and nutrient malabsorption.

Therefore, it is essential to establish a healthy diet plan that provides adequate nutrients while avoiding trigger foods that can worsen the inflammation. A well-balanced diet can also help reduce the risk of developing complications associated with Crohn’s disease, such as anemia and osteoporosis.

Foods to Avoid with Crohn’s Disease

Individuals with Crohn’s disease may be sensitive to certain foods that can trigger flare-ups and worsen symptoms. These trigger foods vary from person to person, but some common foods to avoid include:.

High-fat foods such as fried foods, cream-based sauces, and fatty meats
Spicy foods
High-fiber foods such as nuts, seeds, popcorn, and raw fruits and vegetables (cooked vegetables are usually better tolerated)
Lactose-containing dairy products like milk, cheese, and ice cream
Alcohol and caffeine

It is best for people with Crohn’s disease to keep a food diary to identify their trigger foods and avoid them. Eliminating these foods from the diet can help reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.

Foods to Include in a Crohn’s Diet

A healthy diet plan for Crohn’s disease should include foods that are easy to digest, provide essential nutrients, and have anti-inflammatory properties. Here are some foods to include in a Crohn’s diet:.

Protein

Getting adequate protein is essential for maintaining muscle mass and repairing tissue, especially during periods of inflammation. Good sources of protein for Crohn’s patients include:.

Lean meats such as chicken, turkey, and fish
Eggs
Low-fat dairy products such as yogurt or cheese (if lactose intolerance is not an issue)
Tofu

Complex Carbohydrates

Complex carbohydrates provide the body with energy and fiber, which can help regulate bowel movements. Examples of complex carbohydrates that are safe for people with Crohn’s disease include:.

Whole grain bread and pasta
Brown rice
Oatmeal
Sweet potatoes
Beans

Fruits and Vegetables

Fruits and vegetables are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. People with Crohn’s disease should choose cooked or low-fiber fruits and vegetables to avoid exacerbating symptoms. Some examples include:.

Cooked carrots, peas, and squash
Bananas
Applesauce
Canned or cooked fruits, such as pears, peaches, and apples

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce inflammation associated with Crohn’s disease. Good sources of omega-3s include:.

Fatty fish such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel
Walnuts
Flaxseed
Chia seeds

Other Tips for Eating with Crohn’s Disease

Besides avoiding trigger foods and incorporating healthy foods into the diet, there are other tips that people with Crohn’s disease can follow to improve their eating habits and manage symptoms:.

Eat small, frequent meals

Eating smaller meals throughout the day can help prevent discomfort, bloating, and diarrhea. It also may help increase nutrient absorption by giving the digestive system smaller amounts of food to process at one time.

Chew food thoroughly

Chewing food thoroughly can help aid digestion and reduce the workload on the digestive system. This is especially important for those with Crohn’s disease because their intestinal tract is already inflamed.

Stay hydrated

Staying hydrated is crucial for people with Crohn’s disease, as diarrhea and vomiting can lead to dehydration. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, such as water, herbal tea, and clear broths.

Avoid eating late at night

Eating late at night can contribute to acid reflux, which can worsen Crohn’s symptoms and disrupt sleep. Try to eat your last meal at least a couple of hours before bedtime.

Consider nutritional supplements

If you are unable to consume enough nutrients through your diet, your doctor may recommend nutritional supplements to support your body’s needs.

Conclusion

Eating the proper diet is vital for managing Crohn’s disease symptoms and reducing the risk of complications. It is essential to avoid trigger foods and incorporate healthy, anti-inflammatory foods into your diet.

By following these dietary recommendations and other helpful tips, people with Crohn’s disease can improve their quality of life and better manage their symptoms.