Prematurity is defined as birth that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation. Preterm births can happen for several reasons such as maternal infections, multiple pregnancies, and chronic conditions.

Babies born prematurely can experience short and long-term complications, ranging from respiratory difficulties to cognitive impairments. However, the effects of prematurity can extend well into adulthood, affecting various aspects of daily life. This article will highlight the impacts of prematurity on adult life.

Emotional and Mental Health

Babies born prematurely are often subjected to prolonged hospital stays and medical interventions, which can be stressful for both the infants and their parents.

This early life experience can lead to emotional and psychological challenges later in life.

According to a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, adults who were born preterm had a higher likelihood of experiencing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) compared to those who were born full term.

Furthermore, adults who experienced neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization have reported a higher prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms than those who did not go through this experience.

Overall, the emotional and mental health impacts of prematurity can extend well into adulthood.

Physical Health Impacts

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), premature birth can result in a wide range of physical health problems such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal complications.

In addition to these early-life issues, adults who were born preterm are at higher risk of developing chronic health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.

Research has also linked prematurity to an increased risk of developing asthma in adulthood.

A study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that adults who were born prematurely were more likely to develop asthma and experience severe respiratory symptoms than those who were born full term.

Cognitive Performance and Education

Babies born premature are at higher risk for cognitive and developmental delays.

According to a study published in the Journal of Pediatrics, adults who were born preterm had lower cognitive scores in memory, processing speed, and attention compared to those who were born full term.

In addition to cognitive performance, prematurity can impact educational attainment and social outcomes.

A study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics found that adults who were born preterm were less likely to complete higher education and were more likely to be unemployed than those who were born full term.

Sexual and Reproductive Function

Prematurity can also affect sexual and reproductive function in adulthood.

According to a study published in Fertility and Sterility, women who were born preterm had a higher likelihood of experiencing menstrual disorders and fertility problems compared to those who were born full term.

In addition, men who were born prematurely may experience lower sperm counts, lower levels of testosterone, and erectile dysfunction.

These sexual and reproductive challenges can impact the quality of life and relationships of those affected by prematurity.

Social Relationships

Having been born prematurely can impact an individual’s social relationships and overall quality of life.

According to a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, adults who were born preterm reported lower levels of social support and more difficulties in interpersonal relationships than those who were born full term.

This lack of social support and relationship challenges can negatively impact an individual’s mental health and well-being, highlighting the importance of addressing the social implications of prematurity.

Employment and Career Success

Due to the cognitive and developmental impairments associated with premature birth, adults who were born preterm may face challenges in attaining and maintaining employment.

According to a study published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, premature adults are more likely to be unemployed and earn less than those who were born full term.

Furthermore, those who experience cognitive and developmental challenges may be less likely to pursue higher education and job training. These challenges can contribute to a cycle of poverty and reduced career success for those affected by prematurity.

Conclusion

Prematurity can impact many areas of an individual’s life, ranging from physical health to social relationships and career success.

It is important to recognize and address the long-term effects of prematurity on adult life to provide proper support and resources for those affected by this condition.