Influenza is a common viral infection that affects the respiratory system. It is a highly contagious disease, and its symptoms can range from mild to severe.

Many people recover from the flu after a few days or weeks, but in some cases, it can lead to complications such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and even death.

What is Influenza?

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. There are two main types of influenza viruses that can infect humans: type A and type B.

These viruses can mutate and evolve quickly, which makes them difficult to control.

The flu virus is spread through droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. It can also be spread by touching a surface or object contaminated with the virus and then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes.

Symptoms of Influenza

The symptoms of influenza can vary from person to person. Some people may experience mild symptoms, while others may develop severe complications. The most common symptoms of influenza include:.

Fever
Cough
Sore throat
Muscle aches
Fatigue
Headache

In some cases, people with the flu may also experience vomiting and diarrhea.

The Effect of Influenza on the Brain

While influenza is primarily known as a respiratory illness, it can also affect the brain. In severe cases, the flu can cause inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) or the lining of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis).

Studies have also shown that the flu can lead to changes in brain function and behavior. In some people, the virus can trigger symptoms such as depression and anxiety.

Researchers believe that the flu virus may affect the production of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to these symptoms.

In addition, children who get the flu may be at higher risk for developing neurological problems such as seizures and encephalopathy (brain dysfunction).

How to Protect Yourself from Influenza

The best way to protect yourself from influenza is to get vaccinated every year. The flu vaccine can reduce your risk of getting sick and can also help to reduce the severity of your symptoms if you do get the flu.

In addition to getting vaccinated, you can also protect yourself by practicing good hygiene habits. Wash your hands frequently and avoid touching your mouth, nose, and eyes.

Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, and dispose of used tissues immediately.

Conclusion

Influenza is a common viral infection that can lead to severe complications. While it is primarily a respiratory illness, it can also affect the brain and lead to changes in behavior and brain function.

The best way to protect yourself from the flu is to get vaccinated every year and practice good hygiene habits.