Migraine is a type of headache that affects millions of people across the globe. It is characterized by a throbbing pain on one side of the head, nausea, sensitivity to light, and other symptoms.

Migraine can be triggered by different things, including stress, alcohol, fatigue, menstrual periods, and certain medications. While all migraines share these basic symptoms, there are four different types of migraines:.

1. Migraine without aura

This is the most common type of migraine, accounting for more than 80% of cases. As the name suggests, this migraine does not have an aura or warning sign before the headache begins.

The headache is usually on one side of the head, but can sometimes be on both sides. The pain is often described as a throbbing or pounding, and it can be moderate to severe. People with migraine without aura may experience nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to sound and light.

2. Migraine with aura

About 20% of people with migraines experience an aura, which is a reversible change in vision, sensation, or movement that occurs before the headache begins.

Aura may include visual disturbances such as flashing lights, zigzag lines, or blind spots, as well as sensory changes such as tingling or numbness in the face or hands. Aura typically lasts for about 20 to 30 minutes and is followed by a headache that can be similar to that of migraine without aura.

3. Chronic migraine

Chronic migraine is a type of migraine that occurs on 15 or more days per month for at least 3 months. This type of migraine can be difficult to manage as it can significantly impact a person’s quality of life.

People with chronic migraine may also experience other symptoms such as neck pain, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. The causes of chronic migraine are not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to changes in the brain and nervous system over time.

4. Vestibular migraine

Vestibular migraine is a type of migraine that affects the balance system. It can cause dizziness, vertigo, and balance problems, as well as headaches.

Vestibular migraine is often misdiagnosed as other conditions such as Meniere’s disease or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. The exact cause of vestibular migraine is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the same changes in the brain and nervous system that cause other types of migraines.

Conclusion

Migraine can be a debilitating condition that can significantly impact a person’s ability to function.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience frequent or severe headaches, as there are treatment options available to help manage and prevent migraines. Understanding the different types of migraines can also help you recognize and manage your symptoms more effectively.