It is common knowledge that high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, or “bad” cholesterol, can increase your risk of heart disease and stroke.
But what about high levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or “good” cholesterol? Surprisingly, recent studies have indicated that excessively high levels of HDL cholesterol may also be a cause for concern.
What is HDL Cholesterol?
HDL, or high-density lipoprotein, is a type of cholesterol that is known as “good” cholesterol because of its role in cleaning up excess cholesterol in the bloodstream and carrying it back to the liver, where it can be processed and eliminated from the body. High levels of HDL cholesterol are generally viewed as a positive thing because they help to lower the risk of heart disease and stroke.
The Link Between High HDL Cholesterol and Heart Disease
However, recent research has suggested that excessively high levels of HDL cholesterol may actually increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
According to a study published in the medical journal The Lancet in 2018, people with naturally high levels of HDL cholesterol were more likely to have heart disease than those with lower levels of HDL cholesterol.
The study found that people with a genetic mutation that caused their HDL cholesterol levels to be 50% higher than average were 13% more likely to develop heart disease than those with normal levels of HDL cholesterol.
The findings suggest that the relationship between HDL cholesterol and heart disease is not as straightforward as previously thought.
Why Does High HDL Cholesterol Increase the Risk of Heart Disease?
So why does high HDL cholesterol increase the risk of heart disease? According to the same study, the reason may have to do with how HDL cholesterol works in the body.
While HDL cholesterol is generally beneficial because it helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, excessively high levels of HDL cholesterol may actually clog up the liver, preventing it from processing and eliminating excess cholesterol effectively.
This can lead to a buildup of cholesterol in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Additionally, high levels of HDL cholesterol may be a sign of underlying inflammation in the body, which is a known risk factor for heart disease.
What Causes High HDL Cholesterol?
There are a number of factors that can contribute to high levels of HDL cholesterol in the bloodstream. Some of these factors include:.
- Regular exercise: Physical activity can increase HDL cholesterol levels.
- A healthy diet: Eating a diet that is low in saturated and trans fats and high in fiber can help to increase HDL cholesterol levels.
- Genetics: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to high HDL cholesterol levels.
- Smoking: Smoking can lower HDL cholesterol levels.
- Obesity: Being overweight or obese can lower HDL cholesterol levels.
How Can You Lower High HDL Cholesterol?
If you have been diagnosed with high HDL cholesterol levels, there are a number of things you can do to lower your risk of heart disease and stroke. Some of these strategies include:.
- Reduce your intake of saturated and trans fats: These types of fats can contribute to the buildup of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
- Eat more fiber: A diet that is high in fiber can help to lower LDL cholesterol levels and protect against heart disease.
- Quit smoking: Smoking can lower HDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
- Exercise regularly: Physical activity can help to increase HDL cholesterol levels and protect against heart disease and stroke.
- Manage your weight: Being overweight or obese can lower HDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
The Bottom Line
While it is generally considered beneficial to have high levels of HDL cholesterol in the bloodstream, recent research has suggested that excessively high levels of HDL cholesterol may actually increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
If you have been diagnosed with high HDL cholesterol levels, it is important to take steps to reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke by managing your weight, quitting smoking, and eating a healthy diet that is low in saturated and trans fats. With the right lifestyle changes and medical interventions, it is possible to lower your risk of heart disease and enjoy a longer, healthier life.