Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women worldwide. Detecting breast cancer in its early stages significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and survival.

One of the most effective ways to catch breast cancer early is by performing regular self-examinations. In this article, we will guide you through the steps of a proper self-examination for breast cancer.

Remember, self-examination should never replace regular screenings and check-ups with a healthcare professional, but it is an essential tool in maintaining breast health.

Step 1: Choose the right time

Perform your self-examination at the same time each month, ideally a few days after your menstrual period ends. If you no longer have periods or have an irregular menstrual cycle, choose a specific day each month for the examination.

Step 2: Get comfortable

Stand in front of a mirror and undress completely from the waist up. Look for any changes in the size, shape, or appearance of your breasts. Pay attention to any dimpling, puckering, redness, or inverted nipples.

Also, observe if there are any visible abnormalities like lumps or swelling.

Step 3: Inspect your breasts

Lie down on your back and place a pillow or towel under your right shoulder. Using your left hand, use the pads of your fingers to feel for lumps or abnormalities in the right breast. Apply light pressure and move your fingers in small circular motions.

Cover the entire breast, starting from the outer edges and moving towards the nipple. Repeat this process on the left breast using your right hand.

Step 4: Check the armpits and upper chest

Feel your armpits with your opposite hand and search for any lumps or swelling. Breast tissue extends into the armpit region, so it’s essential to check this area.

Continue the examination by using firm pressure to feel the upper chest area, just above the breasts.

Step 5: Examine your nipples

Gently squeeze each nipple between your thumb and index finger. Look for any discharge, such as blood or fluid, and note any changes in color or shape.

Step 6: Repeat standing examination

Return to a standing position and raise your arms overhead. Observe if there are any changes in your breasts’ appearance or if your nipples are now inverted.

Step 7: Know what to look for

While performing your self-examination, it’s important to be aware of the signs of breast cancer. These signs include:.

– A new lump or a hard knot in the breast or armpit.

– Changes in breast size or shape.

– Skin changes such as dimpling, puckering, redness, or scaling.

– Nipple changes, including pain, discharge, or inversion.

– Swelling or redness on part or all of the breast.

– Persistent breast pain or discomfort.

If you notice any of these signs during your self-examination, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

Step 8: Keep a record

Record your findings after each self-examination and maintain a log of any changes you notice. This record will be helpful during your regular visits to the doctor and provide a comprehensive history of your breast health.

Step 9: Perform regular mammograms

A self-examination is not enough to detect all breast abnormalities. Women aged 40 and older should have regular mammograms as recommended by their healthcare provider.

Mammograms can detect breast cancer even before a lump can be felt and are an important part of early detection.