Oral fungal infections are quite common and can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender. Fungal infections are caused by a fungus called candida, which is naturally present in the mouth but can overgrow and cause an infection.

If you suspect that you have a fungal infection in your mouth, it’s important to recognize the signs and symptoms so you can get the treatment you need.

What Causes Oral Fungal Infections?

Oral fungal infections are caused by an overgrowth of candida, a naturally occurring fungus in the mouth.

Candida is normally kept under control by the body’s natural defenses, but certain factors can disrupt this balance and lead to an overgrowth of the fungus.

Factors that can increase your risk of oral fungal infections include:.

Taking antibiotics, which can kill good bacteria in the mouth and allow candida to overgrow
Taking certain medications that suppress the immune system, such as corticosteroids
Having a weakened immune system, such as from HIV/AIDS or cancer
Having diabetes
Wearing dentures
Having poor oral hygiene

Signs and Symptoms of Oral Fungal Infections

The signs and symptoms of oral fungal infections can vary, but some of the most common include:.

White patches or spots in the mouth or on the tongue
Redness or soreness in the mouth or on the tongue
Cottage cheese-like discharge from the tongue or mouth
A foul taste in the mouth or bad breath
A burning sensation in the mouth or on the tongue

Diagnosing Oral Fungal Infections

If you suspect that you have a fungal infection in your mouth, it’s important to see your dentist or doctor for an accurate diagnosis.

Your healthcare provider will examine your mouth and may take a sample of the affected area to test for the presence of candida.

Treating Oral Fungal Infections

The treatment for oral fungal infections may vary depending on the severity of the infection. For mild infections, your healthcare provider may recommend an antifungal medication in the form of a mouthwash or lozenge.

For more severe infections, oral antifungal medications may be prescribed.

It’s also important to practice good oral hygiene to prevent the recurrence of fungal infections. This includes brushing your teeth twice a day, flossing daily, and rinsing your mouth with an antifungal mouthwash.

Preventing Oral Fungal Infections

There are several steps you can take to prevent oral fungal infections, including:.

Practice good oral hygiene by brushing your teeth twice a day, flossing daily, and using an antifungal mouthwash
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, which can weaken the immune system
Avoid taking unnecessary antibiotics
Manage underlying health conditions, such as diabetes
Remove and clean dentures daily

When to See a Healthcare Provider

If you experience any of the signs or symptoms of a fungal infection in your mouth, it’s important to see your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Left untreated, fungal infections can become more severe and lead to complications.