Painkillers are used by millions of people across the world to manage physical pain. When taken responsibly and as prescribed, they can make a significant difference to a person’s quality of life.

However, it is crucial to safely use painkillers on a daily basis to avoid harmful side-effects and addiction.

Understand the Different Types of Painkillers

There are many different types of painkillers available both in prescription and over-the-counter forms. It is essential to understand the different types before safely using them.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

These types of painkillers work by reducing inflammation in the body and are useful in treating mild to moderate pain. They’re available over-the-counter and include ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen.

When used appropriately, they can safely provide relief for headaches, menstrual cramps, toothaches, minor muscle pains and others. However, long-term use of NSAIDs can result in stomach irritation, ulcers and bleeding, leading to kidney problems. Therefore, if you experience frequent pain, talk to your doctor about a better pain management plan.

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Acetaminophen is a common pain reliever that works by blocking the signal of pain in the brain. Unlike NSAIDs, it is safe for people with stomach problems and can be used for all types of pain.

The maximum daily dose for adults is 4000mg, and taking more than recommended can cause liver damage. Check the label for the correct dosage, and if you have any pre-existing liver disease, talk to your doctor before using acetaminophen.

Opioids

Opioids are used to manage severe pain. They work by blocking pain signals to the brain, and include morphine, codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, and fentanyl.

Opioids can be addictive and habit-forming, and therefore should only be used when other painkillers are ineffective. When prescribed, always follow the instructions given by your doctor. It is also advisable to not use them for long-term pain management, as it can result in addiction and other harmful side effects.

Read Labels and Follow the Instructions

It’s crucial to read the label and package inserts before taking painkillers. Follow the instructions given by your doctor or on the package. If in doubt, consult your pharmacist or healthcare provider. Do not self-diagnose or self-treat.

Avoid Taking Painkillers for an Extended Period

Taking painkillers for an extended period can result in dependence, addiction, or even overdose. Therefore, it is critical to limit painkiller use and consult your doctor for alternative pain management plans.

If you feel the need to continue taking the medication for more than a week, talk to your doctor to reassess the situation and find better ways of managing your pain.

Don’t Crush or Chewing Painkillers

Always take painkillers with a glass of water and avoid crushing or chewing them. It can interfere with the way your body processes them, leading to harmful side effects. Always take them whole, with enough water to ensure they reach the stomach safely.

Be Cautious During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Some painkillers can be harmful during pregnancy or when breastfeeding and can affect the baby’s health. Before taking any painkillers during this period, consult your healthcare provider.

Always follow their recommendations, and never self-medicate when pregnant or breastfeeding.

Watch Out for Side Effects

While painkillers can help in managing pain, they can also cause side effects. The most common side effects of painkillers are nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, and stomach problems.

If you experience any side effects, stop taking the medication immediately and consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Store Painkillers Safely and Securely

It’s important to store painkillers safely and securely, out of reach from children and pets. Keep them in their original packaging, away from direct sunlight and moisture.

Check the expiry date and dispose of any expired or unused medication correctly. Do not flush them down the toilet or throw them in the regular trash. Contact your local city or county health department or pharmacy to learn how to dispose of them correctly.

Conclusion

Painkillers provide relief from physical pain, but they should be used safely and responsibly. Always read the label, follow the instructions, and watch out for side-effects.

If you experience any unusual symptoms, stop taking them immediately and consult your healthcare provider. Remember, painkillers can be addictive, so it’s essential to limit their usage and talk to a professional for a better pain management plan.