Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland, located in the neck, produces too much thyroid hormone. This can lead to a variety of symptoms and health problems, including weight loss, heart problems, and sleep disturbances.

In this article, we’ll take a closer look at hyperthyroidism and explore its causes and symptoms.

What Causes Hyperthyroidism?

There are a number of potential causes of hyperthyroidism, including:.

Graves’ Disease

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease. This is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much hormone.

Graves’ disease can affect anyone, but it is most commonly diagnosed in women under the age of 40. Other symptoms of Graves’ disease can include bulging eyes, fatigue, and heat intolerance.

Toxic Nodules

Another potential cause of hyperthyroidism is the presence of toxic nodules, or lumps, on the thyroid gland. These nodules can produce thyroid hormone outside of the body’s normal mechanisms, leading to excessive hormone levels.

Toxic nodules are more common among older individuals, particularly women.

Thyroiditis

Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland that can cause temporary hyperthyroidism. This condition is often caused by a viral infection, and typically resolves on its own within a few months.

Other symptoms of thyroiditis can include tenderness and pain in the neck, but in some cases there may be no symptoms at all.

Iodine Supplements

Finally, excessive iodine intake can also lead to hyperthyroidism. This is more common in individuals who take iodine supplements in an attempt to improve thyroid function, but it can also occur as a result of dietary choices.

Foods that are high in iodine include seafood, dairy products, and eggs.

What are the Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism?

The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can vary widely depending on the severity of the condition and the individual’s overall health. Some common symptoms can include:.

Weight Loss

One of the most common symptoms of hyperthyroidism is weight loss. This can occur even if the individual is eating normally or even consuming more calories than usual.

Weight loss can be gradual or sudden, and can be accompanied by other symptoms like increased appetite and difficulty sleeping.

Related Article 10 Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Rapid Heartbeat

Hyperthyroidism can also cause a rapid heartbeat, or tachycardia. This can feel like the heart is racing or pounding, and can be accompanied by feelings of anxiety or nervousness.

In severe cases, tachycardia can lead to heart palpitations or even heart failure.

Increased Sweating

Another potential symptom of hyperthyroidism is increased sweating. This can occur anywhere on the body, but is most commonly experienced on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet.

Excessive sweating can be accompanied by feelings of warmth or heat intolerance.

Nervousness and Anxiety

Individuals with hyperthyroidism may also experience feelings of nervousness or anxiety. This can be accompanied by feelings of restlessness or irritability, and can make it difficult to relax or concentrate.

In severe cases, anxiety may lead to panic attacks.

Tremors

Another common symptom of hyperthyroidism is tremors, or shaking. This can occur in the hands, arms, or other parts of the body, and can be quite severe in some cases. Tremors are often most noticeable during periods of stress or physical activity.

Insomnia

Hyperthyroidism can also cause difficulty sleeping, or insomnia. This can be due to feelings of anxiety or nervousness, or because the individual’s metabolism is working too quickly for their body to rest.

In severe cases, insomnia can lead to fatigue and other health problems.

Dry or Irritated Eyes

In some individuals, hyperthyroidism can cause dry or irritated eyes, or a condition known as Graves’ ophthalmopathy. This can cause the eyes to become inflamed, swollen, or red, and can even lead to vision problems in severe cases.

Individuals with these symptoms should seek medical attention right away.

Menstrual Changes

Finally, hyperthyroidism can also cause menstrual changes in women. This can include lighter or heavier periods than usual, or irregular periods. In some cases, hyperthyroidism can even lead to infertility or difficulty conceiving.

Conclusion

Hyperthyroidism is a common condition that can lead to a variety of symptoms and health problems. If you think you may be experiencing hyperthyroidism, it’s important to speak with your doctor right away.

By working together, you can develop a treatment plan that is right for you and help to manage your symptoms effectively.