Osteoarthritis is a common type of arthritis that affects millions of people worldwide. It develops when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected joint.

Many factors can increase your risk of developing osteoarthritis, including age, obesity, joint injuries, and repetitive use over time. But is osteoarthritis genetic? Can you inherit this condition from your parents or other family members? In this article, we’ll explore the role of genetics in osteoarthritis and what you can do to reduce your risk of developing this condition.

What is osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that affects the joints, especially those in the hands, knees, hips, and spine. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones breaks down and erodes, causing bone to rub against bone.

This can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility in the affected joint. Osteoarthritis is most common among people over the age of 60, but it can affect people of all ages.

What causes osteoarthritis?

There are many factors that can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. Some of the most common causes include:.

Age

Osteoarthritis is more common among older adults because the cartilage in our joints gradually wears down over time.

Obesity

Excessive weight puts added stress on your joints, which increases your risk of developing osteoarthritis.

Joint injuries

Past injuries to a joint, such as a fracture or dislocation, can increase your risk of developing osteoarthritis in that joint later in life.

Repetitive use over time

Jobs or activities that require repeated movements or stress on a joint, such as heavy lifting or bending, can increase your risk of developing osteoarthritis in that joint over time.

Genetics and osteoarthritis

Research suggests that genetics may also play a role in the development of osteoarthritis.

While a specific gene has not been identified as the cause of osteoarthritis, many genes have been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing this condition.

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One study published in the journal The Lancet found that people with a family history of hand osteoarthritis were more likely to develop the condition themselves.

Another study published in the journal Arthritis & Rheumatology found that people with a variation in a gene called GDF5 were more likely to develop osteoarthritis in their knees and hips.

It is important to note that having a gene associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis does not mean that you will develop the condition.

Other factors, such as age, obesity, and joint injuries, also play a role in the development of osteoarthritis.

Reducing your risk of osteoarthritis

While you cannot change your genetics, you can take steps to reduce your risk of developing osteoarthritis. Some strategies include:.

Exercise regularly

Regular physical activity can help strengthen your muscles and joints, reduce your risk of injury, and improve your overall health.

Maintain a healthy weight

Excess weight puts added stress on your joints, which can increase your risk of developing osteoarthritis.

Avoid repetitive stress on your joints

Try to avoid activities or movements that put repeated stress on your joints, such as heavy lifting or bending.

Eat a balanced diet

A diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce inflammation in your body and improve your overall health.

Conclusion

Osteoarthritis is a common condition that can cause significant pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in affected joints.

While genetics may play a role in the development of osteoarthritis, other factors such as age, obesity, and joint injuries also contribute to this condition. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle, you can reduce your risk of developing osteoarthritis and other chronic conditions.