Kidney infections, also known as pyelonephritis, are a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys. They occur when bacteria, typically from the bladder, travel up to the kidneys and cause an infection.
The Symptoms of Kidney Infections
Kidney infections can cause a range of symptoms, including:.
- Fever
- Chills
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Flank pain (pain on the side of the body, usually below the rib cage)
- Painful or frequent urination
- Blood in the urine
- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a healthcare provider as soon as possible. If left untreated, kidney infections can lead to serious complications, including kidney damage.
Diagnosis of Kidney Infections
To diagnose a kidney infection, a healthcare provider will likely perform a physical exam and review your medical history and symptoms. They may also order diagnostic tests, including:.
- Urinalysis: A laboratory test that analyzes a urine sample for the presence of bacteria, blood, or other abnormalities.
- Blood tests: A laboratory test that analyzes a blood sample for signs of infection or inflammation in the body.
- Imaging tests: X-rays, ultrasounds, or CT scans may be used to visualize the kidneys and identify any abnormalities.
- Urine culture: A laboratory test that analyzes a urine sample to identify the specific type of bacteria causing the infection.
Treatment Options for Kidney Infections
Treatment for kidney infections typically involves a course of antibiotics to clear the infection. Depending on the severity of the infection, treatment may be administered in a healthcare setting or at home.
If the infection is severe or accompanied by other complications, hospitalization may be necessary. In the hospital, antibiotics can be administered intravenously and fluids may be given to prevent dehydration.
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Urinary Tract Infections: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
If the infection is mild and does not require hospitalization, antibiotics may be prescribed to be taken at home. It’s important to complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully cleared.
Prevention of Kidney Infections
There are several steps you can take to prevent kidney infections, including:.
- Drink plenty of water
- Urinate frequently and completely
- Wipe front to back after using the toilet
- Take showers instead of baths
- Avoid using feminine hygiene products that can irritate the urethra
If you experience frequent UTIs, your healthcare provider may recommend additional prevention strategies, such as taking a low dose of antibiotics or using a diaphragm or spermicide-free birth control method.
When to See a Healthcare Provider
If you experience any symptoms of a kidney infection, it’s important to see a healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Additionally, if you have a history of kidney problems or have been diagnosed with a UTI before, it’s important to be vigilant for symptoms and seek treatment promptly.
The Bottom Line
Kidney infections can cause a range of symptoms and, if left untreated, can lead to serious complications. It’s important to seek prompt treatment if you suspect you have a kidney infection, and to take steps to prevent future infections.
