Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognitive function and memory.

It is characterized by a decline in thinking, reasoning, and memory skills to the extent that it interferes with a person’s daily activities and quality of life. While dementia is most commonly associated with older adults, it can also affect younger individuals. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for managing the condition effectively.

In this article, we will discuss the ten most common symptoms of dementia.

1. Memory Loss

One of the earliest signs of dementia is memory loss. This may manifest as forgetting recent conversations, appointments, or events.

Individuals with dementia often struggle to recall information they have recently learned, leading to repeated questions or the need for reminders.

2. Difficulty with Planning and Problem-Solving

Dementia can impair a person’s ability to plan and solve problems. Tasks that were previously routine, such as following a recipe, managing finances, or organizing a schedule, may become challenging. Decision-making abilities may also decline.

3. Language and Communication Problems

Another symptom of dementia is the deterioration of language and communication skills. People with dementia may struggle to find the right words, express themselves clearly, or follow and participate in conversations.

They may also have difficulty understanding written or spoken language.

4. Disorientation and Confusion

Individuals with dementia often experience disorientation and confusion about time, place, and people.

They may get lost in familiar surroundings, forget where they are or how they got there, and have difficulty recognizing faces, including those of family members and friends.

5. Impaired Judgement

Dementia can impact a person’s ability to make sound judgments and decisions. They may exhibit poor judgment when it comes to money, safety, or personal hygiene. For example, they may neglect personal grooming or hygiene habits.

6. Difficulty Performing Familiar Tasks

As dementia progresses, individuals may struggle with tasks they have been doing effortlessly for years. This can include everyday activities such as cooking, cleaning, and getting dressed.

They may require assistance or forget the steps involved in completing these tasks.

7. Personality and Mood Changes

Dementia can lead to noticeable changes in a person’s personality and mood. They may become irritable, agitated, anxious, or depressed without apparent reason.

Their behaviors may fluctuate and become unpredictable, making it challenging for friends and family to engage with them as they used to.

8. Loss of Interest and Motivation

Individuals with dementia may lose interest in previously enjoyed activities or hobbies. They may have difficulty initiating tasks or feel a profound lack of motivation to engage in any meaningful activities.

They may spend more time sleeping or seem disconnected from their surroundings.

9. Difficulty with Spatial Awareness

Some people with dementia experience difficulties with spatial awareness. They may struggle to judge distances or have problems with balance and coordination. Tasks that require spatial skills, such as driving, may become unsafe.

10. Repetitive Behavior

Repetitive behaviors are common in individuals with dementia. They may repeat tasks, statements, or questions multiple times, often without realizing they are doing so.

These repetitive patterns can be distressing for both the person with dementia and their caregivers.