Laryngeal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the larynx (voice box). The larynx is located in the throat and it plays a vital role in breathing, talking and swallowing.

While most laryngeal cancers are curable if caught early, they can be life-threatening if left untreated. This article covers the causes and symptoms of laryngeal cancer.

Causes of Laryngeal Cancer

The exact cause of laryngeal cancer is unknown, but research suggests that it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors:.

Tobacco Use

Tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco, is a major risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that damage the cells in the larynx.

People who smoke or use tobacco products are up to 30 times more likely to develop laryngeal cancer than non-smokers.

Alcohol Consumption

Heavy alcohol consumption can increase the risk of laryngeal cancer. Alcohol can cause chronic irritation to the cells in the larynx, which can lead to cancerous changes.

People who consume more than two drinks per day are at a higher risk of developing laryngeal cancer than non-drinkers.

Exposure to Certain Chemicals

Exposure to certain chemicals, such as asbestos, can increase the risk of laryngeal cancer. Asbestos is a fibrous mineral that was commonly used in construction and manufacturing until the 1980s.

People who worked with asbestos or lived in buildings containing asbestos are at a higher risk of developing laryngeal cancer.

Symptoms of Laryngeal Cancer

Laryngeal cancer can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the location and size of the tumor. Some of the most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer include:.

Related Article Laryngeal Cancer: An Overview

Hoarseness or Change in Voice

Hoarseness or unexplained changes in voice are the most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer. The cancerous cells can cause swelling or obstruction in the larynx, which can lead to changes in the voice or difficulty speaking.

Chronic Cough or Sore Throat

Symptoms of laryngeal cancer may include chronic cough or sore throat that does not go away. The cough may be dry or accompanied by phlegm or blood. The sore throat may be accompanied by pain or difficulty swallowing.

Difficulty Swallowing

Laryngeal cancer can cause difficulty swallowing, especially if the tumor is located near the entrance to the esophagus. This can cause pain or discomfort when eating or drinking.

Ear Pain

Laryngeal cancer can cause referred pain to the ears. The pain may be sharp or dull and may be accompanied by ringing or fullness in the ears.

Shortness of Breath

Laryngeal cancer can cause shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. This is especially true if the cancer has spread to other organs, such as the lungs.

Weight Loss

Unexplained weight loss is a common symptom of many types of cancer, including laryngeal cancer. Cancerous cells can cause the body to burn more calories than usual, leading to weight loss.

Swelling in the Neck or Throat

Laryngeal cancer can cause swelling in the neck or throat. The swelling may be accompanied by pain or tenderness.

Bloody Sputum

Laryngeal cancer can cause bloody sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs). This may be a sign that the cancer has spread to the lungs or other nearby organs.

Fatigue and Weakness

Many cancer patients experience fatigue and weakness, regardless of the type or location of the tumor. This is due to the body’s immune system working overtime to fight off the cancerous cells.

Conclusion

Laryngeal cancer is a serious condition that requires prompt treatment. If you experience any of the symptoms listed above, contact your doctor immediately. Early detection and treatment can increase your chances of a full recovery.