High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a serious medical condition that can lead to stroke, heart attack, and other health problems if left untreated.

Several lifestyle changes and medications are available to manage high blood pressure. In this article, we will discuss the latest recommendations for treating high blood pressure.

Measurements of Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is measured in two numbers. The high number, or systolic pressure, is the force the blood exerts on the walls of the arteries when the heart beats. The low number, or diastolic pressure, is the pressure between heartbeats.

A normal blood pressure reading is 120/80 mm Hg.

If your blood pressure is consistently higher than 130/80 mm Hg, you may be diagnosed with high blood pressure. Your healthcare provider may recommend lifestyle changes and medications to lower your blood pressure.

Lifestyle Changes

The first line of treatment for high blood pressure is lifestyle changes. These changes are often effective in controlling blood pressure and reducing the risk of complications.

1. Healthy Diet

Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help manage high blood pressure. Reducing your sodium intake can also lower blood pressure.

2. Regular Exercise

Exercise can help lower blood pressure. You should aim to exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week.

3. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Being overweight can contribute to high blood pressure. Losing weight can help lower blood pressure. Your healthcare provider can help you determine a healthy weight for your body.

4. Reduce Stress

Managing stress can help lower blood pressure. You can try deep breathing exercises, yoga, or meditation to reduce stress levels.

Medications

If lifestyle changes are not enough to manage your blood pressure, your healthcare provider may recommend medications to help lower your blood pressure. The following are some of the medications used to treat high blood pressure.

1. Diuretics

Diuretics, also called water pills, can help remove excess salt and water from the body, which can help lower blood pressure. Examples of diuretics include hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone.

2. ACE Inhibitors

ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors can help relax blood vessels, which can lower blood pressure. Examples of ACE inhibitors include lisinopril, enalapril, and ramipril.

3. Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium channel blockers can help relax blood vessels, which can help lower blood pressure. Examples of calcium channel blockers include amlodipine and diltiazem.

4. Beta Blockers

Beta blockers can help reduce the workload on the heart and lower blood pressure. Examples of beta blockers include metoprolol and atenolol.

5. ARBs

ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) can help block the effects of the hormone angiotensin II, which can raise blood pressure. Examples of ARBs include losartan and valsartan.

When to See Your Healthcare Provider

If you have been diagnosed with high blood pressure, it is important to work with your healthcare provider to keep your blood pressure under control.

You should also see your healthcare provider regularly to monitor your blood pressure and make sure your treatment plan is working.

If you experience any symptoms of a heart attack or stroke, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or weakness on one side of the body, seek medical attention immediately.

Conclusion

High blood pressure is a serious condition that can lead to complications if left untreated. The latest recommendations for treating high blood pressure include lifestyle changes and medications.

By working with your healthcare provider to manage your blood pressure, you can reduce your risk of complications.