Oral cancer is a serious disease that can affect various parts of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, throat, and gums. Detecting oral cancer at an early stage significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and recovery.

By learning how to examine yourself for oral cancer, you can become more proactive in your oral health and potentially save your own life.

What are the risk factors for oral cancer?

Before we dive into the self-examination process, it’s important to understand the risk factors associated with oral cancer. These factors include:.

Tobacco use: Smokers and those who use smokeless tobacco are at a higher risk for oral cancer.
Heavy alcohol consumption: People who drink alcohol excessively have an increased risk of developing oral cancer.
Poor oral hygiene: Neglecting oral hygiene can lead to various oral health issues, including oral cancer.
Excessive sun exposure: Prolonged exposure to the sun can increase the risk of lip cancer.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: Certain strains of HPV have been linked to oral cancer.
Family history: If you have a family history of oral cancer, your risk may be higher.

How to conduct a self-examination

Performing a self-examination for oral cancer is a relatively simple process that you can do at home. Here are the steps to follow:.

Step 1: Find a well-lit area and use a mirror

To begin the examination, find a well-lit area in your home or stand in front of a brightly lit mirror in your bathroom. Good lighting will help you see any irregularities or abnormalities in your mouth.

Step 2: Inspect the lips

Start by examining your lips. Look for any sores, lumps, or discoloration. Pay close attention to any areas that bleed easily or do not heal within two weeks.

Step 3: Check the inside of your mouth

Gently pull your cheeks apart to get a better view of the inside of your mouth. Use your mirror to inspect all areas, including the roof of your mouth, the gums, and the back of your throat.

Look for any red or white patches, as well as ulcers or swollen areas.

Step 4: Examine your tongue

Stick out your tongue and examine its surface. Check for any changes in color, bumps, or unusual coatings. Move your tongue from side to side and look underneath it as well.

Step 5: Inspect the floor of your mouth

Tilt your head back slightly and open your mouth wide. Look under your tongue and inspect the floor of your mouth. Search for any abnormalities such as unusual lumps or persistent sores.

Step 6: Palpate your neck and jaw area

Now, it’s time to feel for any lumps or unusual swellings. Use your fingers to gently press along the sides and front of your neck, as well as under your jawline.

Any abnormal or enlarged lymph nodes should be checked by a dental or medical professional.

Step 7: Keep track of your findings

It’s important to keep track of any findings during your self-examination. If you notice any concerning abnormalities, make note of their appearance, location, and duration.

This information will be useful when discussing your observations with a healthcare provider.

When to seek professional help

If you notice any of the following symptoms or abnormalities during your self-examination, it is crucial to seek professional help:.

An ulcer or sore that does not heal within two weeks
A red or white patch that does not resolve
Persistent pain or discomfort in the mouth or throat
A lump or swelling anywhere in or around the mouth
Difficulty swallowing or speaking
A persistent sore throat or hoarseness

Remember, early detection is key in successfully treating oral cancer. If you suspect something is wrong, don’t hesitate to consult with a healthcare professional who can conduct further examinations and provide appropriate treatment.