Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It starts in the cells that produce blood cells and is characterized by the abnormal growth of white blood cells.

There are several types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Recognizing the symptoms of leukemia is crucial for early detection and treatment. In this article, we will discuss 16 symptoms that you need to be aware of, along with pictures for better understanding.

1. Persistent Fatigue

One of the most common early symptoms of leukemia is persistent fatigue. Individuals affected by leukemia often feel exhausted, even after getting adequate rest.

This fatigue is caused by abnormal levels of white blood cells, which can interfere with the body’s ability to transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells. If you find yourself feeling unusually tired or lacking energy for no apparent reason, it is essential to discuss this symptom with your healthcare provider.

2. Frequent Infections

Leukemia weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.

Cuts, sores, or wounds may take longer to heal, and you may experience frequent infections, such as respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, or skin infections. If you notice a pattern of recurring infections, it is essential to seek medical attention as it could be an indication of leukemia.

3. Unexplained Weight Loss

Rapid and unexplained weight loss is another symptom of leukemia. The abnormal growth of white blood cells can cause a loss of appetite and a decrease in the body’s ability to absorb nutrients.

If you have not made any changes to your diet or exercise routine but have been losing weight, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional.

4. Pale Skin

Leukemia can disrupt the normal production of red blood cells, leading to anemia. Anemia can cause the skin to become pale, as the body lacks an adequate number of red blood cells to provide oxygen to the tissues.

If you notice a paleness in your skin, particularly in the face, lips, or inner eyelids, it may be a sign of leukemia.

5. Excessive Bruising or Bleeding

Leukemia affects the body’s ability to produce platelets, which are responsible for clotting blood. As a result, individuals with leukemia may experience excessive bruising or bleeding from cuts, injuries, or even spontaneously.

Unexplained nosebleeds or blood in the urine or stool should never be ignored and should prompt a visit to a healthcare professional.

6. Joint and Bone Pain

Leukemia can cause bone and joint pain due to the buildup of abnormal cells in the bone marrow. This pain is typically described as sharp or dull and may be worse at night or during physical activity.

If you are experiencing persistent joint or bone pain without any apparent cause, it is important to consult your doctor.

7. Abdominal Discomfort or Swelling

In some cases of leukemia, the abnormal accumulation of cells can cause the spleen or liver to enlarge, resulting in abdominal discomfort or swelling.

You may notice a feeling of fullness in your abdomen, unexpected weight gain, or pain in the abdominal area. If these symptoms persist or worsen over time, it is essential to seek medical advice.

8. Swollen Lymph Nodes

Leukemia can cause the lymph nodes to enlarge. Lymph nodes are small round organs that play a vital role in the body’s immune system. If you notice painless, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin, it may be an indication of leukemia.

Consulting a healthcare professional is important to determine the cause of the swelling.

9. Shortness of Breath

Leukemia can affect the respiratory system, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or exertion. This symptom may be attributed to anemia or the infiltration of abnormal cells in the lungs.

If you experience persistent shortness of breath, it is critical to consult your doctor.

10. Frequent Headaches

Headaches are a common symptom of many conditions, including leukemia. Persistent or recurrent headaches, especially accompanied by other leukemia symptoms, should not be ignored.

If you find yourself experiencing frequent headaches that are interfering with your daily life, it is important to seek medical attention for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

11. Night Sweats

Excessive sweating, particularly during sleep, can be an indication of leukemia. Night sweats are often described as intense sweating that soaks through the sheets and requires changing clothes or bedding.

If you experience night sweats regularly, it is crucial to discuss this symptom with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause.

12. Frequent Fevers

Leukemia can affect the body’s ability to regulate temperature, leading to frequent fevers. These fevers are generally persistent and may not respond to typical fever reducers.

If you find yourself frequently running a fever without any apparent cause, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to rule out leukemia or other underlying conditions.

13. Dizziness or Lightheadedness

Leukemia can disrupt the normal production of red blood cells, which can lead to a condition known as anemia. Anemia can cause a decrease in the number of red blood cells available to carry oxygen to the brain, resulting in dizziness or lightheadedness.

If you frequently experience these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical advice.

14. Frequent Nosebleeds

While nosebleeds can be a common occurrence, frequent or unexplained nosebleeds can be a potential sign of leukemia. The abnormal growth of cells in the blood vessels can cause them to weaken, leading to easy bleeding from the nose.

If you experience recurrent nosebleeds without any apparent cause, it is important to consult your healthcare provider.

15. Skin Rashes or Petechiae

Leukemia can cause the tiny blood vessels near the skin’s surface to burst, leading to the formation of small red or purple spots known as petechiae.

These rash-like marks can appear anywhere on the body and may resemble a cluster of tiny pinpricks or a bruise. If you notice these skin abnormalities, it is crucial to seek medical attention for further evaluation.

16. Changes in Vision

In some cases, leukemia can affect vision. Individuals with leukemia may experience blurred vision, changes in visual acuity, or other visual disturbances.

If you notice any significant changes in your vision, it is essential to consult an eye specialist along with your primary healthcare provider.

Leukemia is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early detection of these symptoms allows for a better prognosis and higher chances of successful treatment.

If you experience any of the mentioned symptoms, it is important not to panic but to seek medical advice for proper evaluation.