Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death in women. It is estimated that there will be more than 22,000 new cases of ovarian cancer in the United States in 2019 alone.

It is often called the “silent killer” because its symptoms are subtle and are often mistaken for other ailments. However, research has shown that there are several things that women can do to lower their risk of getting ovarian cancer.

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. The ovaries are two small glands located on either side of the uterus. They produce eggs and female hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

When cells in the ovaries start to grow out of control, they can form a tumor.

Types of Ovarian Cancer

There are three main types of ovarian cancer:.

Epithelial ovarian cancer – This is the most common type of ovarian cancer. It develops in the cells that cover the ovaries.
Germ cell ovarian cancer – This type of ovarian cancer develops in the cells that produce eggs.
Stromal cell ovarian cancer – This type of ovarian cancer develops in the connective tissue that holds the ovaries together.

Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

There are several risk factors that increase a woman’s likelihood of developing ovarian cancer:.

Family history of ovarian cancer
Family history of breast cancer
Being over the age of 50
Having a personal history of breast, uterine, or colorectal cancer
Having never been pregnant
Being overweight or obese
Having endometriosis
Having a genetic mutation such as BRCA1 or BRCA2

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

The symptoms of ovarian cancer can be vague and easily confused with other ailments. However, it is important to pay attention to any changes in your body and see a doctor if you experience any of the following:.

Abdominal swelling or bloating
Pain or discomfort in the pelvis or lower abdomen
Feeling full quickly when eating
Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue

Lowering Your Risk of Ovarian Cancer

While there is no surefire way to prevent ovarian cancer, there are several things that women can do to lower their risk:.

1. Use Birth Control Pills

Using birth control pills for at least five years can lower a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer by up to 50%.

Birth control pills prevent ovulation, which reduces the number of times the ovaries are exposed to potential cancer-causing agents.

2. Have a Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the uterus. If a woman has a hysterectomy before menopause, it can lower her risk of developing ovarian cancer by up to 50%.

However, this is a drastic option and should only be considered if there are no other options available.

3. Breastfeed Your Children

Studies have shown that breastfeeding can lower a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer. Breastfeeding reduces a woman’s lifetime exposure to estrogen, which can contribute to the development of ovarian cancer.

4. Exercise Regularly

Regular exercise has been shown to lower a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Moderate exercise such as brisk walking for at least 30 minutes a day can help to lower estrogen levels which can contribute to the development of ovarian cancer.

5. Eat a Healthy Diet

Eating a diet that is high in fruits and vegetables can help to lower a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer. A diet that is high in fiber and low in fat can help to regulate hormone levels and reduce the risk of cancer.

6. Get Regular Check-ups

Regular check-ups with your gynecologist can help to detect ovarian cancer early. If ovarian cancer is detected early, it is much easier to treat and the chances of survival are much higher.

7. Know Your Family History

If you have a family history of ovarian cancer or breast cancer, it is important to inform your doctor. Your doctor may recommend regular screenings or genetic testing to determine if you are at a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer.

8. Quit Smoking

Smoking has been shown to increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer. If you smoke, quitting can help to lower your risk.

9. Limit Alcohol Consumption

Drinking alcohol in moderation is fine, but excessive alcohol consumption can increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer.

10. Manage Stress

Stress can weaken the immune system and make the body more susceptible to cancer. Managing stress through meditation, yoga, or other relaxation techniques can help to lower your risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Conclusion

Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that affects thousands of women each year. While there is no surefire way to prevent it, there are several things that women can do to lower their risk of developing ovarian cancer.

By following the tips listed above, women can take control of their health and reduce their risk of developing ovarian cancer.