Menopause is a natural biological process that every woman goes through as they age. Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation, which is caused by a decrease in the production of hormones by the ovaries.

This process usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 years old. During this time, a woman’s body goes through hormonal changes that can result in a number of uncomfortable symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal dryness.

What is Hormonal Therapy?

Hormonal therapy is the use of hormones to relieve the symptoms that occur during the menopausal transition. Hormonal therapy is also known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), or postmenopausal hormone therapy (PHT).

Types of Hormonal Therapy

There are two types of hormonal therapy: estrogen-only therapy and combination therapy (estrogen plus progestin). Estrogen-only therapy is used for women who have had a hysterectomy (surgery to remove the uterus).

Combination therapy is used for women who still have their uterus because taking estrogen alone can increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer.

Benefits of Hormonal Therapy

Hormonal therapy can help reduce many of the uncomfortable symptoms associated with menopause such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. Hormonal therapy can also help prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures.

Risks of Hormonal Therapy

Although hormonal therapy has many benefits, it is not without risks. Hormonal therapy can increase the risk of developing breast cancer, ovarian cancer, stroke, and blood clots.

Women who have a history of these conditions may want to avoid hormonal therapy or discuss their options with their healthcare provider.

Who is a Candidate for Hormonal Therapy?

Not all women are candidates for hormonal therapy. Women who have a history of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, stroke, blood clots, or liver disease should not take hormonal therapy.

Women who are at high risk for these conditions may also want to avoid hormonal therapy or discuss their options with their healthcare provider.

How is Hormonal Therapy Administered?

Hormonal therapy can be administered through a variety of methods including pills, patches, creams, gels, and vaginal rings. The method of administration depends on the type of hormonal therapy and the woman’s preference.

How Long Should Hormonal Therapy be Taken?

The length of time a woman should take hormonal therapy depends on her individual needs and health status. Hormonal therapy should be taken at the lowest effective dose for the shortest amount of time possible.

Women should discuss their options and potential risks with their healthcare provider.

Alternatives to Hormonal Therapy

There are several alternatives to hormonal therapy that can be used to relieve the symptoms associated with menopause such as lifestyle changes, over-the-counter remedies, and prescription medications.

Women should discuss their options with their healthcare provider to see which option is best for them.